Hints 年份不用听写 Provisions of Oxford
If a writ existed a claim could be enforced; there was no recourse for a claim without a writ, the claim did not exist. This system became inflexible when the "Provisions of Oxford" prohibited the creation of new writs, except for the flexibility which the "writ upon the case" allowed and which later led to the development of contract and tort law.
（在1227年）如果有法院令状，诉讼请求就会被强制执行。没有法院令状的诉讼请求就没有追索权，因而该诉讼请求就不存在。这一制度在（1258年）“牛津条例”禁止新令状的产生以后变得固定下来。除非“本案令状”被允许灵活性以外，后者后来发展成为合同与侵权法。