距离美国总统大选只剩下二十天的时候,民主党总统候选人奥巴马似乎渐入佳境。原先双方势均力敌的密西根、明尼苏达、威斯康辛、宾夕法尼亚和科罗拉多五个“摇摆州”,现在都已倒向奥巴马。剩下的七个摇摆州,奥巴马也大部份较具优势。

请看外电的报道:

Barack Obama widened his lead considerably over John McCain in five key  swing states during the past three weeks, providing further evidence that the economic crisis has greatly enhanced the Democrat's advantage with just 20 days left before Election Day.

过去三周,奥巴马对麦凯恩的领先优势已在五个关键摇摆州有所扩大,这一现象进一步说明在距离总统大选只有20天的时候,是经济危机有力地推进了民主党的优势。

上面的报道中,swing state 就是我们所说的“摇摆州”,这个表达是美国大选中的一个特有说法,也叫 battleground state 或者 purple state,指的是 a state in which no candidate has overwhelming support,即竞选双方势均力敌,都无明显优势的州。

这些“摇摆州”的选票一般都是竞选双方争夺的重点,尤其是 key swing states(关键摇摆州)的选票,往往可以影响最终的大选结果。与 swing state 相对的,是 non-swing state,“非摇摆州”,也叫做 safe state,指的当然就是竞选一方获得绝对支持的州了。