2013年6月英语四级完形填空原文+答案+解析

UK households are cutting back on spending at the fastest rate since 1980. This is __67__ to the worst economic slowdown in three decades.

Figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) showed __68__ spending fell by 1.2% in the first three months of the year. People spent less on housing, household goods and services, __69__ those who went on holiday abroad also spent __70__ less.

Consumers tightened their belts __71__ the face of job losses, pay __72__ or freezes and sharply reduced City bonuses. The figures showed employees' __73__ falling by 1.1% in the quarter, the largest fall __74__ records began in 1955. Wages and salaries declined, __75__ lower bonus payments in the financial sector than normal, while __76__ also fell.

The data was __77__ as part of the ONS's latest assessment of the UK economy, which __78__ that gross domestic product (GDP) shrank by 1.9% in the first quarter, __79__sharpest decline since 1979. GDP stood 4.1% __80__ than a year ago, the biggest annual fall since 1980.

"The breakdown(分析) of first-quarter GDP gives a pretty __81__ picture of weakness right across the __82__ in the early months of this year," said Jonathan Loynes of Capital Economics.

"With __83__ components like household spending and investment set to fall considerably further in __84__ to the weakness in the housing market, the labour market and bank lending, we __85__ unconvinced that recent 'green shoots' will translate __86__ a return to decent growth next year."

67. A. submitting B. resorting C. contributing D. extending
68. A. personnel B. consumer C. folk D. client
69. A. while B. although C. because D. but
70. A. instantly B. simultaneously C. significantly D. actively
71. A. at B. in C. up D. over
72. A. dives B. pauses C. halts D. cuts
73. A. composition B. conservation C. compensation D. construction
74. A. since B. when C. as D. until
75. A. to B. by C. for D. with
76. A. competition B. employment C. achievement D. attraction
77. A. released B. relieved C. related D. relaxed
78. A. promoted B. justified C. confirmed D. advocated
79. A. whose B. this C. their D. its
80. A. poorer B. slimmer C. weaker D. lower
81. A. amazing B. depressing C. blurring D. puzzling
82. A. economy B. finance C. business D. commerce
83. A. right B. free C. cheap D. key
84. A. opposition B. response C. regard D. contrast
85. A. remain B. maintain C. retain D. sustain
86. A. toward B. through C. into D. beyond

【总评】:本文选自2009年5月22日英国卫报里面的一篇经济报道,讲述了经济危机导致居民消费开支产生了自1980以来的最大幅度的下滑这一现象。

67. C. contributing
考查动词。submit to 表示“服从”;resort to 表示“求助,诉诸于”;contribute to表示“有助于,促进”; extend to 表示“延伸到”。

68. B. consumer
考查名词。consumer spending表示“消费性支出”。

69. A. while
考查连词。本题考查考生对上下句关系的理解,上半句说人们在住房、日用品及服务上的支出减少了,下半句说出国度假的人花费也减少了,由此可见前后句是一个并列的关系,所以用while。although 表示让步;because表示原因; but 表示转折。

70. C. significantly
考查副词辨析。instantly 表示“立即地,马上地”;simultaneously 表示“同时地”;significantly表示“显著地;重要地”; actively表示“积极地,活跃地”。不难看出这里是说出国度假的人花费也明显减少了,因此选significantly。

71. B. in
考查介词。该题较为简单,in the face of为固定短语,表示“面对……”。

72. D. cuts
考查名词。pay cuts表示“减薪”,pay freezes表示“工资冻结”。dive表示“潜水”;halt表示“停止”;pause表示“暂停,间歇”。

73. C. compensation
考查名词辨析。composition表示“作文;组成”;conservation表示“保存;保护”;compensation表示“报酬;补偿”;construction 表示“建筑;建筑物”。这里表示工人们的报酬下降了,所以用compensation。

74. A. since
考查连词。since 表示“从……以来”,上文提到工人们的报酬本季度下降了1.1%,这个下降的幅度是自1955年有记录以来最低的,所以用since。

75. D. with
考查介词。bonus表示“奖金”,这里with表示“随着”,本句表达的意思是随着财政部门奖金比正常情况下减少,工资也在下降。

76. B. employment
考查名词辨析。competition 表示“竞争”;employment表示“就业”;achievement表示“成就,成绩”; attraction表示“吸引,吸引力”。伴随着工资的下降,竞争肯定越来越激烈,失业的越来越多,所以就业率就会下降。

77. A. released
考查动词辨析。release表示“发布;释放”; relieve表示“解除,减轻”;relate表示“联系;叙述”;relax 表示“放松”。这里release表示“发布”,句子意思是这份数据是作为ONS这个组织对英国经济评估报告的一部分来对外发布的。

78. C. confirmed
考查动词。promote表示“促进,提升”;justify表示“证明……是合法的”;confirm表示“确认,证实”;advocate 表示“提倡,主张”。句子意思是这份数据证实了第一季度GDP下降了1.9%这一事实。

79. D. its
考查形容词性物主代词。这里its指的是GDP。

80. D. lower
考查形容词比较级。从后半句“the biggest annual fall since 1980”可以得出GDP肯定是比去年降低了4.1%,所以用lower。poor表示“贫穷的”;slim表示“苗条的”;weak表示“虚弱的”。

81. B. depressing
考查形容词。amazing表示“令人惊异的”;depressing表示“令人沮丧的”;blurring表示“模糊的”;puzzling表示“令人费解的”。本篇选自英国卫报上的一篇文章,原词用的是grim,表示“糟糕的”。从前文我们可以看出第一季度的GDP是下降的,由此可以肯定是一个糟糕的前景;这里depressing意思最相近。

82. A. economy
考查名词。economy表示“经济”;finance表示“财政”;business表示“商业”;commerce表示“贸易”。这里应该是对整个宏观经济的展望,所以用economy,其他三个选项太过片面了。

83. D. key
考查形容词。key components为固定短语,表示“基础部分,关键部分”。

84. B. response
考查名词。in response to表示“响应,反应”,这里表示由于房地产市场、劳动力市场以及银行借贷的疲软,由此产生的影响就是家庭支出以及投资的大幅下降。

85. A. remain
考查动词。这四个词都有保持的意思,但是有细微的区别。remain表示“依然,保持”,后面大多跟形容词;maintain表示“维持,保持(已有的水平、标准)”;retain表示“保留”;sustain表示“支撑,撑住,维持(生命)等”。本题表示“虽然由于房地产市场,劳动力市场以及银行借贷的疲软而导致家庭支出以及投资的大幅下降,但是我们仍然相信……”所以这里用remain。

86. C. into
考查介词。translate into含义为“转化为;翻译成”,本题表示“转化成”。 

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