【英语】大学语法在四六级写作中的作用系列讲座第二期
时间: 3月21日(星期四) 20:00 - 21:00
公开课地点: CCTalk考试大厅
主讲老师: 吕永华（点击关注老师的沪江部落>>>)

名师档案：

吕永华
北京新东方高级教研员，英国文学硕士，曾获得2012年北京新东方优秀教师奖、北京海淀区优秀教师奖，优秀导师奖，目前国内四级六级和考研阅读部分，托福阅读部分。拥有十多年的教学经验。曾任河北师范大学公共英语教师，教过高考英语、大学英语四六级语法、四六级听力、四六级词汇、考研阅读、托福听力兼阅读教师，编写和组织编写多本语言教学书籍。

音频回顾：

活动梗概：
1. 双重否定结构在考试写作中的应用。
2. 隐形的否定结构在考试写作中的应用（1）
3. 隐形的否定结构在考试写作中的应用（2）
4. 比较结构在考试写作中的应用
5. 倒装结构在考试写作中的应用
6. 从句嵌套结构在考试写作中的应用
7. 复杂的名词后置修饰在考试写作中的应用
8. 分裂结构在考试写作中的应用
9. 亮点词汇词组在考试写作中的应用（1）
10. 亮点词汇词组在考试写作中的应用（2）
11. 含有as的表达在考试写作中的应用
12. 其他特色结构在考试写作中的应用
13. 图表作文专用结构和表达。

 课堂内容提要：

高级语法在写作中的应用2 

二、隐形的否定

1. 用词汇来表示隐形的否定

2. 用句型来表示隐形的否定

1. 用词汇表示隐形的否定

a. 用形容词

b. 用名词

c. 用动词

d. 用介词

a. 形容词

中国没有相关法律

这些厂家是没有责任心的

我的未来里没有你

他的童年缺少父母的关爱 

Relevant laws are absent in China

Sense of responsibility is absent in these Manufacturers

You are absent in my future

Parental love is absent in her childhood 

试翻译

中国南方不下雪。

Snow is absent in Southern China.

她没有勇气。
Courage is absent in her personality.

这个工作狂的丈夫从来不参加家庭活动。
The workaholic husband is always absent in any family events.

总结

不存在，没有，不在场

be absent in

试翻译2

冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。

The fridge is out of eggs.

我没有力气了。

I am out of strength.

他吓破了胆了。
He was out of guts.

My card is out of credit.

My card is out of balance.

I am out of change.

The bathroom is out of toilet paper.

Continuing along this way, the oceans will soon be out of fish. 

总结

be out of

原来有的东西，后来没有了，用完了

这根本真相。

根本不是！（才不是呢！）

我们根本就没有做到环保生活。

This is far from the truth.

Far from it!

Our life is far from environmental-friendly.

这些钱根本不够

The money is far from enough.

总结

根本不是，还差着远呢

be far from

形容词

这个饮料是不含糖的。

他没有缺钱的烦恼。

The drink is free from sugar.

He is free from the anxiety of lacking money.

形容词

他对此一无所知。

他没听说这件事情。

很多人对过分包装给环境带来的伤害一无所知。

He is ignorant of this.

He is ignorant of this.
Many people are ignorant of the harm that excessive packaging can do to the environment.

形容词

我不相信他说的话。

I am skeptical about what he said.

I am skeptical about his words.

b. 名词

试翻译1

没有共产党就没有新中国。

Lack of the Communist Party would have led to absence of the new-born China.

Lack of a nice packaging would lead to loss of interest on the part of the consumers.

Lack of a high salary would lead to loss of interest on the part of the job applicants.

Lack of working experience would lead to loss of interest on the part of the interviewers.

没有爱就没有信任。

Lack of love would lead to absence of trust.

没有自信是她最大的弱点。

Lack of confidence is her biggest weakness.

总结

lack of something 缺少

absence of something 不存在

试翻译2

他没有能来参加她的派对使她很恼火。

His failure to come to her party greatly annoyed her.

总结

failure to do sth

没有能够做某事 

c. 动词（略）

fail to do something.

没有能够做某事

lack something

介词1：

1. 你的车已经没法修了。

2. 毫无疑问，网络购物已经成为了现代潮流。

d. 介词1

1. Your car is beyond repair.

2. It is beyond doubt that online shopping has become a trend now.

3. The power of the computer is beyond imagination.

d. 介词2

他不但没有帮我，反而笑话我。

按照我的观点，网络没有拉近了人与人的距离，而是加大了人之间的距离。

这些大学生往往会更加关注获得工作经验而不是巩固专业知识。

He mocked me instead of helping me.

He mocked me rather than help me.

As far as I see it, the internet distances people instead of drawing them closer.

As far as I see it, the internet distances people rather than draw them closer.

These college students tend to be concerned about adding working experience instead of enhancing their knowledge from their textbooks.

These college students tend to be concerned about adding working experience rather than enhance their knowledge from their textbooks.

d. 介词3

这些工厂只重视经济效益，不考虑给环境造成的破坏。

有些高中毕业生选择大学只关注大学的名气，不考虑专业是否符合自己的兴趣。

一些网民使用互联网只注意自己的交流、购物需求，却不考虑保护自己的隐私。

Some factories only care about their economic benefits, regardless of the environment damages they have done to the surrounding.

Some high school graduates only care about the ranking of the university they intend to apply for, regardless of the question whether the major is to their liking or not.

Some web-users only focus on the shopping and the communicative function of the internet, regardless of the necessity to protect their privacy.

d. 介词4

这一定不是事实。

这样做一定是不利于学生的发展。

我们一定不要为了一时的利益，丢掉了长远的发展。

This is anything but the truth.

This is anything but favorable to a student’s healthy development.

We can do anything but secure the temporary profits and abandon the long term development.

句型1

more…than to do sth.

Teddy, you know better than to schedule a date with a boy that I’ve never met.

We should be more sensible than to do sth.

我们应该更加明智不应该沉迷于网络。

消费者应该更加明智不应该花大量的金钱在过分的包装上。

年轻人应该更加明智不应该花费大量时间、金钱、精力去追星。

We should be more sensible than to be addicted to the internet.

Consumers should be more sensible than to spend much money on excessive packaging.

Young people should be more sensible than to spend much money, time and energy chasing stars.

句型2

It is the last thing for sb. to do sth.

It is the last thing that…..

句型2

Spending much money, time and energy chasing stars is the last thing for the young people to do.

It is the last thing for the young people to spend much money, time, and energy chasing stars.

句型3

least, less

拥有一个好名字是决定一个人成功与否最不重要的因素。（09.6）

Having a lucky name plays the least role in deciding whether one will be successful or not.

对于学生来说，最不明智的事情就是沉迷与网络。

Being addicted to the internet is the least sensible for the students to do.

在选择申请的大学方面，最不明智的事情就是只考虑大学的排名，而不考虑专业是否是自己的兴趣所在。

In applying for an university, it is the least sensible for the students to only care about the ranking of the universities, regardless of the question whether the major is to their liking.

We have become less dependent on…(than before). Instead, we have turned more to the…

We have become less dependent on brick and mortar stores than before. Instead, we have turned more to online shops for the items that we want to buy.

We have become less dependent on traditional newspapers and books than before. Instead, we have turned more to electronic ones.

We have become less dependent on traditional ways to entertain ourselves than before. Instead, we have turned more to online forms of entertainment.

than has ever been before

than before

It is a good father that knows his son. (2010考研英语)

It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.

It is a long lane that has no turnings.

lane 小路，车道。single lane, six-lane express highway

It is a good horse that never stumbles.

stumble over sth.被……绊倒跌跤

句型5

not so muc...as...

not so much看做是副词词组

as 介词，连词

Human felicity is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen, as by little advantages that occur every day.

与其说人类的幸福来自偶尔发生的鸿运，不如说来自每天都有的小实惠。—富兰克林 

吸引我的与其说是这个大学的排名，还不如说是这个专业。

吸引我的与其说是这个商品的质量，还不如说是它的包装。
对于一份工作而言，吸引我的与其说是高薪，不如是一份有前途的前景。

对于一个城市而言，吸引我的与其说是现代化的环境，不如说是深厚的文化底蕴。

What attracts me is not so much the ranking of the university, as the major.

What attracts me is not so much the ranking of the university, as the closeness of the major to my interest.

The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it 。（not so much...as) 与其说海洋把世界分割，不如说使世界结合。

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