沪江新东方版：2008年6月英语四级考试听力点评

短对话：
总体上，本次四级考试的短对话语句并不长，所牵涉到的词汇多属于历年真题中反复考到过的重要场景词，所以总体难度上与往届考试基本持平。以下选取几道有代表性的题目，向各位介绍短对话的考查重点、命题规律及解题要旨：

11
M:
Today’s a bad day for me! I fell off a step and twisted my ankle.
W:
Don’t worry. Usually ankle injuries heal quickly if you stop regular activities for a while.
Q:
What does the woman suggest the man do?
点评：本题主要考查对于人物所提意见的把握，历年短对话题目中这类问法非常普遍。所考查的听力词汇考查医疗健康场景，在新东方上过培训班的同学对于其中牵涉到题目理解的重点词汇，如twist, ankle并不陌生。

12
W:
May I see your ticket please? I think you’re sitting in my seat.
M:
Oh, you’re right! My seat is in the balcony. I’m terribly sorry!
Q:
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
点评：问对话发生的地点，属于地点题。须通过对话中所提及的场景词为线索判断，如本题中的ticket，seat, balcony（剧院包箱座位）等，都是典型的提示信息，告诉我们对话发生在剧院。

13
W:
Did you hear Jay Smith died in his sleep last night?
M:
Yes, it’s very sad. Please let everybody know that whoever wants to may attend the funeral.
Q:
What are the speakers talking about?
点评：问对话主要内容，为“主旨题”。这种题一般在两句话中都有提示，所以较容易把握。个别同学可能听的时候不熟悉funera（葬礼）l这个词，则要学会忽略难词带来的理解干扰。你会发现，稍微联系上下文，就可判断该词与某人去世后的仪式有关，因此可大胆猜测其含义。

17
M:
I’m really surprised you got an A on the test. You didn’t seem to have done a lot of reading.
W:
Now you know why I never missed a lecture.
Q:
What contributes to the woman’s high score?
点评：本题要点在于理解女生的回答。其字面意义为“这下你该知道我为什么从上课从来不缺席了吧。”即强调自己出勤率高，所以对考试成绩有帮助。西方人往往倾向于曲折地表达自己的观点，考生要能够适应这种语言表达特点。另外，短对话题目有个特点，就是答案往往出现在第二句话中。这一点，在上述各例题中均有体现，各位考生不妨仔细体会。而这个规律，在大家将来要接触的六级听力考试中，也完全适用。

长对话：
长对话稍有难度。在第一篇中包含六级题目的出题方法，如：It’s all very well to say that. But someone comes to the door and says electricity or gas, and you automatically think they are ok. Especially if they flash a card to you. 有趣的是，这句话的语言信息，与1991年6月六级听力真题短对话的第六题几乎完全一致。可见，在四级新题型的命题中，会适当借鉴六级题目的元素。第二篇中又涉及考生可能不熟悉的工作场景内容，且专用名词较多，难度偏大。现选择典型题目具体分析：

Conversation Two
M: Ms. Jones, could you tell me more about your fist job with hotel marketing concepts? No. 23
W: Yes, certainly. I was a marketing consultant, responsible for marketing ten UK hotels. No.23 They were all luxury hotels in the leisure sector. All of a very high standard
M: which market were you responsible for?
W: For Europe and Japan.
M: I see from your resume （工作场景重要词汇）that you speak Japanese, have you ever been to Japan?本句话起到转换话题，引出下一个内容层次的作用。同时，也提示女生介绍其在日本工作的经历，并在答句中提到“因为会日语，所以是一大优势”，相当于引导出了第24题的答案。
W: Yes, I have. I spent a month In Japan in 2006. I met all the key people in the tourist industry, the big tour operators, and the tourist organizations. As I speak Japanese, I had a very big advantage.No.24 请考生注意本句中的advantage这一词汇，说话人在真题录音中用了非常明显的美音来朗读。
M: Yes, of course. Have you has any contact with Japan in your present job.
W: Yes, I’ve had a lot. The truth is I’ve become very popular with the Japanese both for holidays and for business conferences. In fact the market for all types of luxury holidays for the Japanese has increased a lot recently.
M: Really? I am interested to hear more about that, but first tell me have you ever traveled on a luxury train, the orient express for example?
W: No, I haven’t. But I have traveled in the glacier express to Switzerland and I traveled across China by train about 8 years ago. I love train travel. That’s why I am very interested in this job No.25 这句话向我们揭示了女生从事这份新工作的原因，是她“喜爱乘火车旅行”。可见录音中，说话人先用转折词BUT引起听者注意，然后解释具体原因，最后用一个that’s why句型作总结和强调。

Questions 23-25 are based on the long conversation you’ve just heard.
23 What did the woman do in her first job?
24 What gives the woman an advantage during her business trip in Japan?
25Why is the woman applying for the new job? （工作场景重要词汇）

长对话是四级听力考试的新题型，凡新题型必定蕴涵一定新的考察方向。四级听力以往更多考察和学校学习有关的内容，但近年增多了与工作有关的场景内容的考察。如2006年6月24日的四级长对话第二篇有关一位股票经济人参加面试，而本题又是有关职业经历的访谈。因此，考试应注意与职业场景有关的重点词汇，比如在本文中重点标示的resume（简历），apply for a job（找工作，求职等），才能做到充分理解对话含义。另外，由本题可看出，长对话答案在分布上呈现明显的“顺序原则”，即题目顺序与答案出现顺序一一对应，三道题中，第一题答案在开头出现，第二题在中间位置出现，第三题在最后一句话中出现答案。

短文理解：

下面仅以第26题和PASSAGE THREE的解题过程为例，向各位考生介绍一些做PASSAGE题目的经典方法：

第26题问的是：What is the speaker complaining about? 下面请结合录音原文，了解解题思路：

Time! No.26 PASSAGE听力录音的内容有个特色，就是往往在开头就会点出说话人要讲述的整个语段的核心要旨，而且往往与具体题目的答案有关，所以，考生要特别注意把握首句。 I think a lot about time. And not just because it’s the name of the news organization I work for. Like most working people, I find time or the lack of it a never ending frustration and an unwinnable battle. My everyday is a race against the clock that I never ever seem to win No.26. 根据本句可推断，说话人主要抱怨时间不够用，所以A正确。根据历年PASSAGE真题答案体现出的规律，如果一个选项含有原文重复提到的关键词，更有可能是正确答案。这是做PASSAGE这类篇幅长，信息容量大，题目定位难的文章的经典方法。第26题的正确答案，选项“The lack of time”（A卷选项A）中的time一词，在整个语段中出现了多达九次。所以，考生若能掌握上述规律，解答第26题可谓手到擒来。This is hardly a lonesome complaint. According to the families and work institutes national study of the changing workforce, fifty-five percent of employees say 录音中引用到的说话内容仅起到从侧面论证，一一步加强观点说服力的作用。通常，考生只要把前面的关键观点听清楚了，后面的引用信息可忽略，做题时可在心中有个判断：这几句话和做题没关系。they don’t have enough time for themselves, sixty-three percent don’t have enough time for their spouses or partners, and sixty-seven percent don’t have enough time for their children. （下略）

Passage Three

In February last year, my wife lost her job. Just as suddenly, the owner of the greenhouse where I worked as manager died of heart attack. No.32这篇练习是很典型的故事类文章，而故事类文章考点在情节转折处。考生应特别关注suddenly之类对于情节转折有提示作用的关键词。

His family announced that they were going to close the business because no one in the family wanted to run it. Things looked pretty gloomy. My wife and I read the want ads each day.

Then one morning, as I was hanging out the “going out of business” sign at the greenhouse, the door opened, and in walked a customer.No.33  通过此句可知，当顾客进来时，说话人正在挂出“停止营业”的标志牌。此句中，表示递进关系的关键词then也起到了标志情节转换的作用。另外，故事类文章中一旦提到一个特点的时间，如one morning，则其后必定有重要事件，即和考点有关。 另外，此句中的going out of business这个次组连读较为明显，使考生在理解上颇感困难。这种明显的，难度大的连读在往届考试录音中极少出现，是本次四级听力考试的一大难点。She was an office manager whose company had just moved into the new office park on the edge of town. She was looking for pots and plants to place in the reception areas in the offices. “I don’t know anything about plants,” she said, “I’m sure in a few weeks they’ll all be dead.”

While I was helping her select her purchases, my mind was raising. Perhaps as many as a dozen firms have recently opened offices in the new office park, and there were several hundred more acres with construction under-way.No.34 注意引导词while，其引导作用与33题答案中的then, morning相同。That afternoon, I drove out to the office park. By 6 o’clock that evening, I had signed contracts with seven companies to rent plants from me and pay me a fee to maintain them. Within a week, I had worked out an agreement to lease the greenhouse from the owner’s family. Business is now increasing rapidly, and one day, we hope to be the proud owner of the greenhouseNo.35 引导词为one day。

Questions 32~35 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.

32. What do we learn about the greenhouse?

33. What was the speaker doing when the customer walked in on morning?

34. What did the speaker think of when serving the office manager?

35. What was the speaker’s hope for the future?

总体上来说，本次的PASSAGE考题语言本身并不很难，但融合了连读等特殊语音现象，且在用词及表达上更接近native speaker的地道英语，口语化表达及符合西方人习惯思维的表达较多，有别于以往四级考试听力材料内容刻板僵化的形式，这一特点在PASSAGE ONE中尤其突出。

另外，从考点及可以运用的解题技巧上来说，本次考试传承了历年真题听力PASSAGE部分的一贯手法，主要体现在：

1．答案出现的规律紧密契合“顺序原则”。

2．在包含答案信息的句子开头部分，设置有引导词，引起考生注意，标示关键信息的出现（如passage three中的suddenly等词）。

复合式听写：

复合式听写这一个部分，客观来说，无论是整体文章含义的理解、前八个单词的难度、还是后三个长句的结构，都比2007年12月的四级真题简单。首先，复合式听写题目的首句扮演着总起句的作用，提示考题主要内容，且根据命题规律，一般在首句中不会出现空格，即首句的信息考生可在听录音之前完整浏览。如本文的主要内容有关信息技术对今后经济发展和工作的影响。

先看单词部分：

本次真题复合式听写单词考点技术统计：

We are now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical (36) labor考查构成句子主语成分的名词。拼写上，英国式的labour和美国式的labor都算正确。, raw materials, and capital are no longer the key (37) ingredients考查长难词拼写，注意不能仅仅满足于把单词本身拼写正确，一定要用到名词的复数形式才真正吻合录音内容。 in the creation of wealth. Now the (38) vital考查起到程度限制的形容词。 raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow's wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And (39) individuals 考察充当名词的复数主语名词。entering the work force offer their knowledge not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers (40) engage in mind work.考点在于动词词组的固定搭配：engage in，需要填入的动词engage在句子中以主动语态出现充当谓语成分，且由于主语是复数名词workers，所以切勿画蛇添足去加上第三人称单数的”s”。 They deal with symbols, words, (41) figures 考查名词，根据上下文的列举内容，不难推断本题单词的含义方向，且由于并列出现的前后名词都使用复数，所以figures也必须以复数形式出现。and data. What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be(42) generating空格前出现be，所以填入的这个动词要用其现在分词形式。, processing, as well as exchanging information.(43) Currently本题考到的是经常充当句首引导词的副词currently，本空格出现在句首位置，勿忘首字母大写。, three out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future.                                  

再看长句部分：

Management and employees alike(44) will be making decisions in such areas as product development, quality control, and customer satisfaction. 复合式听写的长句并不要求完全按照原文听写，考生可在根据自己的理解复述信息。本句所使用的将来进行时，可改用一般将来时表达。听写题对于时态的扣分不是很严格，只要确保在大体时间概念上与录音保持一致即可。In such areas as可以用一个简单的介词in取代，由于这种取代不会影响句子表达的含义，故可行。后半句列举到的product development, quality control, and customer satisfaction这些并列信息不宜漏写，否则会导致句子含义不完整，凡是内容上有缺省，或含义上与录音中的表达有出入，就会引起扣分。In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training(45) to acquire new skills that will help you keep up with improved technologies and procedures. 句中的acquire这个单词，可能有些考生在考试紧张的状态下会拼写不出，则可用get等简单的同义词取代。You can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone are the nine-to-five jobs like time security, predictable promotions, and even the conventional work place as you are familiar with.(46) Don't expect the companies will provide you with a clearly defined career path若觉得本句中a clearly defined career path表达起来有难度，可将含义简单概括成a clear career path。, and don't wait for someone to empower you -- you have to empower yourself.

总之，今年的四级听力试题命题合理，难度适宜，考点鲜明，出题思路及答案排布手法遵循往年真题规律。如果仔细复习过往年听力真题，且注意总结规律的同学，在今年考试中比较占有优势。另外，在不少同学普遍关注的长对话这一新题型中，今年的四级命题模式有向六级对话题靠拢的趋势。

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