几道词义误解陷阱题 1. Mr Black,-line-height-rule: exactly; tab-stops: 115.5pt 21 who is a _________, is now in love with Miss Smith, who is a _________.A. cooker, typewriter                        B. cook, typistC. cooker, typist                               D. cook, typewriter【分析】此题正确答案为B,但容易误选A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook 用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以 cooker 应是其相应的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type 用作动词,表示“打字”,所以 typewriter 应表示“打字员”。而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。比较:The cook bought a new cooker. 这个厨师买了件新炊具。The typist bought a new typewriter. 这个打字员买了台新打字机。 2. The _________ so much alike that I can’t tell which is which.A. twin looks                                    B. twins look    C. twin look                                      D. twins looks【分析】此题容易误选C,误认为 twin 的意思是“双胞胎”,指两个,表复数意义。其实,此题的正确答案为B,twin 的意思是“孪生子之一”或“双胞胎之一”,英文解释为 either of two children born of the same mother at the same time,即它指的是两者中的一个,而不是两个,要表示双胞胎两个,要用复数 twins。类似地,parent 的意思是“父(母)亲,父亲或母亲”父(母)亲,其英文解释是 the father or mother of a person or animal。要表示“父母双亲”,要用复数 parents。如:
Where are your parents? 你父母在哪儿?

Denise and Martin have reDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indecently become parents. 丹尼斯和马丁最近当爸爸妈妈了。Being a parent can be hard work. 为人父母是件很辛苦的事。To have good children one must be a good parent. 要想培育出好的孩子,自己必须要是好的父母。 4. There are five pairs _________, but I’m at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosen                                 B. to choose from                C. to choose                                      D. for choosing【分析】此题容易误选C,其实应选B。choose 表示“选择”,其实是指“选择出来”(pick out),而不是指“从……选择”,要表示后者的意思,要用 choose from,有时也用 choose among。同样地,下面两例中的介词 from 也不可省略:Here are some books for you choose from. 这些书可供你选择。There are too many cakes to choose from. 蛋糕太多了,不知要选哪个好。比较:He didn’t know what to choose. 他不知道选什么。He didn’t know what to choose from. 他不知道从哪儿去选。He didn’t know what to choose from.
 
5. They kept trying _________ they must have known it was hopeless.
A. if                B. because        C. when                D. where
【分析】此题最佳答案为C,when 在此的意思不是“当……的时候”,而是“尽管”、“虽然”的意思。又如:He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车,但他却走路。He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了,但他却停止努力了。The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的,但他却坐立不安。有许多同学只知道 when 有许多同学只知道表示“当……的时候”,而不知道它还有其他许多意思,除上面提到的表示“尽管”、“虽然”外,when 还可表示when “既然”、“考虑到”。如:Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already? 既然你有了这么好一份工作,你为什么还要找新的工作呢? 
6. I _________ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.
A. persuaded                                     B. tried to persuade       C. have persuaded                             D. was persuaded
【分析】此题正确答案为B,但容易误选A。persuade 的真正意思是“说服”,而不是“设法说服”,要表示后者的意思英语应用 try to persuade (,要表示后者的意思英语应用当然也可用其他词,如 advise 等)。类似地:kill 的意思是“杀死”,不表示“设法杀死”,要表示后者的意思英语用 try to kill; try to killprevent 的意思是“阻止”,不表示“设法阻止”,要表示后者的意思英语用 try to prevent。
7. _________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Found                                           B. Founded       C. Founding                                      D. Being founded
【分析】此题应选B,但容易误选A。比较:find 意为“发现”,其过去式和过去分词均为 found;found意为意为”,其过去式和过去分词均为 founded。

8. _________ of her parents wanted her to _________ her cousin.
A. None, marry                      &nB>C. None, marry with                          D. Neither, marry with
答案应选B,neither 与none 均表示否定,但词义不同,neither 指“neither N>两者都不”,而 none 则指“三者或多者都不”,父母只有两个,当然第一空只能填 neither;marry 可用作及物或不及物动词,用作及物动词时它的意思“与……结婚”,而不仅仅是“结婚”。
9. Last week they _________ 30 eggs, but this week the hens aren’t _________.
A. lay, lying                                       B. laid, laying   C. lay, laying                                     D. lied, lying
【分析】此题正确答案选B。请注意 lie, lay 。请的以下用法及词形变换:(1) lay 有两个常见意思:表示“放”、“摆”(及物),表示“下(蛋)”(及物或不及物)。如:The hens aren't laying (eggs). 这些母鸡不下蛋。He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。She helped her mother lay the table. 她帮助母亲摆桌子。(2) lie 有三个主要意思:一是表示“躺”或“平放”,二是表示“位于”,三是表示“说谎”。用于以上三义时,通常均为不及物动词。如:Don't lie in bed all morning. 别一个上午都躺在床上。The book lay open on the desk. 那本书摊开着放在桌上。Korea lies to the east of China. 朝鲜位于中国东面。He lied about his age to join the army. 他为了参军而谎报了年龄。(3) 这两个词经常被混淆的有时不是其意思,而是其词形。注意下表所示: 
 意  思 现在分词 过去式 过去分词
lie 躺,平放,位于(vi.)  lying  lay  lain
lie 说谎(vi.)  lying  lied  lied
lay 放(vt.),下蛋(vi.&vt.)  laying  laid  laid