1. We use the indefinite article, a/an, with count nouns when the hearer/reader does not know exactly which one we are referring to:
当听的人或者读者不清楚我们确切指得是哪个的时候,我们用不定冠词a/an来形容可数名词:

Police are searching for a 14 year-old girl.

2. We also use it to show the person or thing is one of a group:
我们也可以用来表示该人或物是同一组:

She is a pupil at London Road School.

3. We do not use an indefinite article with plural nouns and uncount nouns:
我们不用不定冠词来修饰复数或者不可数单词:

She was wearing blue shoes. (= plural noun)

She has short blonde hair. (= uncount noun)

4. We use a/an to say what someone is or what job they do:
我们用a/an描述他人的工作:

My brother is a doctor.

George is a student.

5. We use a/an with a singular noun to say something about all things of that kind:
我们用a/an形容一个单数名词来表示一类事物:

A man needs friends. (= All men need friends)

A dog likes to eat meat. (= All dogs like to eat meat)