今天的实验中，那个伟大的实验出现了——α粒子散射实验。被电离的氦原子射向金箔，结果被结结实实地弹回来，就好像一颗38厘米的炮弹被一张纸谈回来一样。如此奇怪的现象让卢瑟福不得不对原子结构传统观念提出挑战——原子内部主要是空无一物的空间，只有当中是密度很大的核~~~
❤《万物简史》推出部落节目版，戳这里订阅:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/

文中需听写单词或词组用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。请边听写边理解文意，这样可以提高听力准确度，并为训练听译打下基础哦~~~
In 1910, Rutherford (assisted by his student Hans Geiger, who would later invent the radiation detector that [-1-] his name) fired ionized helium atoms, or alpha particles, at a sheet of gold foil. [---2---] To Rutherford's astonishment, some of the particles bounced back. It was as if, he said, he had fired a 15-inch shell at a sheet of paper and it rebounded into his lap. [---3---] After [-4-] he realized there could be only one possible explanation: [---5---] An atom, Rutherford realized, was mostly empty space, with a very dense nucleus at the center. This was a most [-6-] discovery, but it presented one [-7-] problem. [---8---]
bears Geiger would also later become a loyal Nazi, unhesitatingly betraying Jewish colleagues, including many who had helped him. This was just not supposed to happen. considerable reflection the particles that bounced back were striking something small and dense at the heart of the atom, while the other particles sailed through unimpeded. gratifying immediate By all the laws of conventional physics, atoms shouldn't therefore exist.
1910年，卢瑟福（在他的学生汉斯•盖格的协助之下。盖格后来将发明冠有他名字的辐射探测仪）朝一块金箔发射电离的氦原子，或称α粒子。盖格后来还成为一个忠实的纳粹分子，出卖了他的犹太同事，其中包括很多曾经帮助过他的人。令卢瑟福吃惊的是，有的粒子竟会反弹回来。他说，他就像朝一张纸发射了一发38厘米的炮弹，结果炮弹反弹到了他的膝部。这是不该发生的事。经过冥思苦想以后，他觉得只有一种解释：那些反弹回来的粒子击中了原子当中又小又密的东西，而别的粒子则畅通无阻地穿了过去。卢瑟福意识到，原子内部主要是空无一物的空间，只有当中是密度很大的核。这是个很令人满意的发现。但马上产生了一个问题，根据传统物理学的全部定律，原子因此就不应该存在。