地震用里氏来衡量，可以让科学家对地震引起的波浪范围或土地晃动的范围有一个概念。

Hints:
Tohaku
Richter Scale
TNT
Chile
Concepcion
Hawaii

选材／校对／翻译：hqj5715
The Tohaku earthquake that shook Japan in 2011 and tsunami that followed destroyed entire towns, killed thousands and destroyed nuclear power plants. Rated a magnitude of nine point zero, it was one of the biggest quakes recorded since 1900, but not the largest. Earthquakes are measured using the Richter Scale, which gives scientists an idea of the size of the seismic wave or ground shaking that happens. It also indicates how powerful the quake is. The scale is logarithmic, so each whole number represents ten times more shaking than the previous number. In terms of energy, a magnitude one point zero quake equals six ounces of TNT and a magnitude eight point zero quake has the power of 6 million tons. The quake holding the world record for “largest magnitude” occurred in southern Chile near the city of Concepcion in 1960. It measured nine point five on the Richter scale, killed over 1600 people, and left over 2 million homeless. The tsunami wave it produced killed hundreds in Hawaii and Japan.
2011年，福岛地震震惊了日本，随之而来的海啸摧毁了整个城镇，成千上万的居民丧生并毁坏了核电站。福岛地震达里氏9.0级，是1900年以来记录的大地震之一，但不是最大的。 地震用里氏来衡量，可以让科学家对地震引起的波浪范围或土地晃动的范围有一个概念。里氏能表明地震究竟有多大的力量。 里氏是对数形式，因此没一整数所代表的振动要比前一个整数大十倍。在能量术语中，1.0级的振动相当于6盎司的TNT，而8.0级的振动则具有6百万TNT的能量。 保持世界记录的在册最大地震于1960年发生在智利南部，靠近城市Concepción。这一地震震级为9.5里氏，造成超过1600人死亡留下超过200完的无家可归者。地震产生的海啸造成夏威夷岛及日本上百人死亡。