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一、写作通用词汇

1. 非常【副词词性】

例：It is very important.

rather, pretty, extremely, exceedingly, especially, exceptionally, immensely, fairly, extraordinarily, particularly, remarkably, awfully 【替换范例：It is rather important.】

2. 重要的【形容词词性】

例：Studying English is important.

1) significant, key, dominant, crucial, critical, essential, vital 【替换范例：Studying English is significant.】

2) of great importance, of great significance【替换范例：Studying English is of great importance.】

3. 观点【名词词性】

例：This is my point of view.

opinion, view, viewpoint, statement, belief, position, standpoint, understanding, judgement, argument【替换范例：This is my opinion.】

4. 理由【名词词性】

例：This is the reason for it.

explanation【替换范例：This is the explanation for it.】

5. 因素【名词词性】

例：This is an important factor of the issue.

element【替换范例：This is an important element of the issue.】

6. 解释/说明【动词词性】

例：The following reasons can explain my opinion.

demonstrate, illustrate, clarify, justify, account for【替换范例：The following reasons can demonstrate my opinion.】

7. 认为【动词词性】

例：I think that it is very important.

believe, argue, maintain, hold, consider, reckon【替换范例：I believe that it is very important.】

8. 促进【动词词性】

例：It can facilitate economic development.

help, promote, boost, encourage, advance, motivate, improve, forward, stimulate【替换范例：It can boost economic development.】

9. 有利的【形容词词性】

例：The method can be very useful.

helpful, conducive, favorable (favourable), advantageous【替换范例：The method can be very helpful.】

10. 人们【名词词性】

例：The general public will support this activity.

people, the public, everyone, everybody, folk, folks, individuals, persons【替换范例：Folks will support this activity.】

11. 很好的【形容词词性】

例：Many students think that it is a great proposal.

outstanding, extraordinary, amazing, excellent, marvelous (marvellous), wonderful, remarkable【替换范例：Many students think that it is an excellent proposal.】

12. 支持【动词词性】

例：I approve of this opinion.

support, favor (favour), back, advocate, agree with, endorse【替换范例：I support this opinion.】

13. 反对【动词词性】

例：I object to this opinion.

disapprove of, disagree with, oppose【替换范例：I disagree with this opinion.】

14. 许多的【形容词词性】

例：Many students start to worry about their health.

lots of, a lot of, a number of, numerous, a large quantity of, plenty of, quite a few【替换范例：Lots of students start to worry about their health.】

二、图表描述词汇

1. 趋势【名词词性】

例：The data between 2005 and 2010 show a rising trend.

tendency【替换范例：The data between 2005 and 2010 show a rising tendency.】

2. 快速【副词词性】

例：The enrolment rate has increased fast since 2001.

rapidly, quickly, swiftly, sharply【替换范例：The enrolment rate has increased rapidly since 2001.】

3. 上升【动词词性】

例：The enrolment rate has increased since 2001.

grow, rise, go up【替换范例：The enrolment rate has grown since 2001.】

4. 激增【动词词性】

例：The enrolment rate has increased quickly and suddenly since 2001.

surge, soar, shoot up, rise steeply/sharply【替换范例：The enrolment rate has surged since 2001.】

5. 下降【动词词性】

例：The enrolment rate has decreased since 2001.

drop, decline, shrink【替换范例：The enrolment rate has dropped since 2001.】

6. 暴跌【动词词性】

例：The enrolment rate has decreased quickly and suddenly since 2001.

plunge【替换范例：The enrolment rate has plunged since 2001.】

注：以上3-6表示具体变化趋势的动词，在替换时需注意应使用动词的适当形式。

三、逻辑关系词

1. 表并列【连接一句话中的两个并列成分】

例：She likes eating and drinking.

not only... but also..., as well as【替换范例：She likes not only eating but also drinking.】

2. 表转折

1) but, yet【若but/yet在同一句话中连接两个句子，需在but/yet前加逗号】

例：His mother won’t be there, but his father might be there.

2) however【however为副词，可置于句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子隔开】

例：His mother won’t be there. However, his father might be there.

3. 表让步【如果句中使用了although，不能同时使用but】 

1） even if/even though/although/though+句子

例：Even if it was cold outside, I went out.

例：Although students played well, we still lost the game.

2） in spite of/despite+名词/名词性词组

例：In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.

4. 表递进 【通常用在句首，需要用逗号和后面的内容隔开】

例：Moreover, it is also good for other people.

furthermore, in addition, additionally, what is more, besides, then, plus【替换范例：Furthermore, it is also good for other people.】

5. 表原因

1) due to, because of, owing to【后接名词或名词性短语】

例：I went to the hospital due to my illness.

2) for, because, for the reason that, as, due to the reason that, since, in that, owing to the fact that 【后接句子】

例：I went to the hospital for the reason that I was ill.

6. 表结果

1) so 【连接两个句子时，需在第一个句子末尾加逗号】

例：I was ill, so I went to the hospital.

2) therefore, as a result, thus, accordingly, as a consequence, consequently, hence【通常与前一句构成因果关系】

例：I was ill. Therefore, I went to the hospital.

7. 表列举 【用在事例型论据的句首】

例：For example, Jack went home after school.

for instance, taking…as an example, to give an example【替换范例：Taking Jack as an example, he went home after school.】

8. 表顺序 

【以下所有的逻辑关系词（组），使用在句首时，需要和后面的内容之间用逗号隔开】

1) 首先

first, firstly, to start with, to begin with, first and foremost, first of all

例：First, it is important for our country.

2) 其次

second, secondly, besides, next, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, what is more, then

例：Moreover, it is important for personal development.

3) 最后

at last, finally, last but not least

例：Finally, it is necessary to protect our environment.

9. 表总结 

【通常用在最后一段（结尾段）首句，需用逗号和后面总结的内容隔开】

例：To sum up, studying English is important.

in a word, in summary, in conclusion, on the whole, to summarize, in brief, to conclude, to conclude from the above discussion, in short【替换范例：In a word, studying English is important.】