2022年6月英语六级全套模拟试题及答案（三）
距离2022年6月英语六级考试不到一周时间了，各位小伙伴要抓紧备考呀！今天我们为大家整理了2022年6月英语六级全套模拟试题及答案（三），一起来看一下吧。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Questions 21 to 23 are based on the following passage:
The Caledonian Market in London is a clearing house of the junk (旧货、废弃 物 ) of the universe. Here, rubbish is a commodity and rubbish picking is a sport. Somebody, somewhere, wanted these things, perhaps just to look at. You learn here the incredible obscurity of human needs and desires. People grope (摸索), with fascinated curiosity, among the turnedout debris (废墟) of thousands of attic rooms. Junk pours in twice a week, year in and year out. The Market is the penultimate (倒数第二的) resting place of banished vases, musical instruments that will not play, sewing machines that will not sew, paralyzed perambulator, epileptic bicycles and numerous other articles from which all morale and hope have long departed. There are stories of fortunes being picked up in the Market. Once seven hundred gold sovereigns were found in a secret drawer of a crazy old bureau. And book buyers have discovered valuable editions of Milton and Dickens and Carlyla. There is nothing one can not buy in the Market.
21. The title below that best expresses the idea of this passage is ____.
A) Why People Buy What They Do
B) Reflections on A Famous Junk Market
C) The Cause for Fascinated Curiosity
D) What Happens to Attic Debris
22. The articles for sale in the Caledonian Market ____.
A) are wanted to look at
B) are collected 100 times a year
C) reveal obscure needs and desires
D) bring fortune to the buyers
23. From the style of this passage one might assume that it was taken from ____.
A) a report on marketing
B) a guide book
C) directions for a stage setting
D) an information essay
Questions 24 to 30 are based on the following passage: A
llelomimetic behavior may be defined as behavior in which two or more individual animals do the same thing, with some degree of mutual simulation and coordination. It can only involve in species with sense organs that are well enough developed so that continuous sensory contact can be maintained. It is found primarily in vertebrates(脊椎动物), in those species that are diurnal, and usually in those that spend much of their lives in the air, in open water or on open plains. In birds, allelomimetic behavior is the rule rather than the exception, though it may occasionally be limited to particular seasons of the year as it is in the redwing blackbird. Its principal function is that of providing safety from predators(掠食者), partly because the flock can rely on many pairs of eyes to watch for enemies, and partly because if one bird reacts to danger, the whole flock is warned. Among mammals, allelomimetic behavior is very rare in rodents(啮齿动物), which almost never move in flocks or herds. Even when they are artificially crowded together, they do not conform in their movements. On the other hand, such behavior is a major system among large hoofed mammals,such as sheep. In the pack hunting carnivores(食肉类飞禽), allelomimetic behavior has another function of cooperative hunting for large prey(被捕食者) animals,such as moose. Wolves also defend their dens as a group against larger predators, such as bears. Finally, allelomimetic behavior is highly developed among most primate groups, where it has the principal function of providing warning against predators,as though combined defensive behavior is also seen in troops of baboons(狒狒).
24. The main topic of the passage is the ____.
A) value of allelomimetic behavior in vertebrate and invertebrate species
B) definition and distribution of allelomimetic behavior
C) relationship of allelomimetic behavior to the survival of the fittest D) personality factors that determine when an individual animal will show allelomimetic behavior
25. Which of the following places is the most likely setting for allelomimetic behavior?
A) A lake.
B) A cave.
C) An underground tunnel.
D) A thick forest.
26. The author implies that allelomimetic behavior occurs most often among a nimals that ____.
A) prey on other animals
B) are less intelligent than their enemies
C) move in groups
D) have one sense organ that dominates perception
27. Which of the following is the most clear example of allelomimetic?
A) Bears hunting for carnivores.
B) Cattle fleeing from a fire.
C) Horses running at a racetrack.
D) Dogs working with police officers.
28. According to the passage the primary function of allelomimetic behavior in bird is to ____.
A) defend nests against predators
B) look at each other
C) locate prey
D) warn against predators
29. According to the passage, what happens to the behavior of rodents when they are artificially crowded together?
A) Their allelomimetic behavior increases.
B) Continuous cooperation between them is maintained.
C) They become aggressive and attack each other.
D) They show little allelomimetic behavior.
30. Which of the following groups of human beings would probably show the greatest amount of allelomimetic behavior?
A) A group of students taking a test.
B) Tennis players competing in a tournament.
C) A patrol of soldiers scouting for the enemy.
D) Drivers waiting for a traffic light to change.
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
The American Heart Association and other groups have said for many years that people could reduce the chance of suffering a heart attack by eating less of the foods rich in cholesterol(胆固醇). These include such foods as meats, milk products and eggs. The Heart Association noted a number of studies which show that nations where people eat a lot of high cholesterol foods have a higher number of deaths from heart disease. However, the new report disagrees. It was made by the Food and Nutrition Board of the United States National Academy of Sciences. The new report by a team of 15 scientists said there is no evidence to link cholesterol in food directly to heart disease. It noted seven major studies involving people whose diet was changed to include only foods low in cholesterol. The studies found only a very small reduction in the number of heart attacks and there was no reduction in the number of heart attack deaths. Other studies have shown similar results. They found that a change to low cholesterol foods will have only a minor effect on the amount of cholesterol in a person's blood and only a minor effect on the number of deaths. Medical scientists hope that two huge new studies may settle the cholesterol dispute. The tests are designed to learn if low cholesterol foods or anticholesterol drugs, or both, can reduce the amount of the substance in the blood and reduce the chance of a heart attack. The two new studies will be finished in the next year or two. The new Academy of Sciences report also discussed other possible links between food and disease. The scientists, in general, they are deeply concerned about some of the recent advice given about food. They noted that a number of private groups, government agencies and several popular books have advised that people can prevent heart disease, cancer and other sicknesses by changing the kinds of foods they eat. The new report said there is often no good scientific evidence to support such advice. In fact, the scientists said such ideas often produce only false hopes or unnecessary fears.
31. According to the passage, people could reduce the chance of suffering he art attack by ____.
A) eating less foods with a lot of cholesterol
B) eating less of low cholesterol foods
C) eating a lot of high cholesterol foods
D) eating drugs
32. High cholesterol foods include ____.
A) eggs, meats and milk products
B) potatoes, green vegetables and tomatoes
C) corn, wheat and beef
D) sugar, rice and butter
33. Some scientists believe that there is no evidence that cholestrol in food is directly linked to ____.
A) blood disease
B) heart disease
C) infectious disease
D) mental disorder
34. Medical scientists believe that ____.
A) tests have been designed to settle the cholesterol dispute
B) drugs have been tested to reduce the amount of the substance in blood
C) low cholesterol foods or anti cholesterol drugs or both can reduce the chance of a heart attack
D) none of the statements mentioned above is correct
35. Which of the following statements in NOT true?
A) One can avoid a heart disease by eating less foods with little cholesterol.
B) One can avoid a heart disease by taking the doctor's advice to eat low cholesterol foods and anti cholesterol drugs or both.
C) There has been good scientific evidence that cholesterol foods can produce the chance of suffering a heart disease.
D) People usually believe that cholesterol foods are directly linked to heart disease.
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970's was the enthusiasm for refurbishing old buildings. Obviously, this was not an entirely new phenomenon. What is new is the wholesale interest in reusing the past, in recycling, in adaptive rehabilitation. A few trial efforts, such as Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco, proved their financial viability in the 1960's, but it was in the 1970's, with strong government support through tax incentives and rapid depreciation, as well as growing interest in ecology issues, that recycling became a major factor on the urban scene. One of the most comprehensive ventures was the restoration and transformation of Boston's eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market, designed in 1824. This section had fallen on hard times, but beginning with the construction of a new city hall immediately adjacent, it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thompson. He has provided a marvelous setting for dining, shopping, professional offices, and simply walking. Butler Square, in Minneapolis, examplifies major changes in its complex of offices, commercial space, and public amenities carved out of a massive pile designed in 1906 as a hardware warehouse. The exciting interior timber structure of the building was highlighted by cutting light courts through the interior and adding large skylights.
San Antonio, Texas, offers an object lesson for numerous other cities combating urban decay. Rather than bringing in the bulldozers, San Antonio's leaders rehabilitated existing structures, while simultaneously cleaning up the San Antonio River, which meanders through the business district.
36. What is the main idea of the passage?
A) During the 1970's, old buildings in many cities were recycled for modern use.
B) Recent interest in ecology issues has led to the cleaning up of many rivers.
C) The San Antonio example shows that bulldozers are not the way to fight u rban decay.
D) Strong government support has made adaptive rehabilitation a reality in Boston.
37. What is the space at Quincy Market now used for?
A) Boston's new city hall.
B) Sports and recreational facilities.
C) Commercial and industrial warehouses.
D) Restaurants, offices, and stores.
38. According to the passage, Benjamin Thompson was the designer for a proje ct in ____.
A) San Francisco
B) Boston
C) Minneapolis
D) San Antonio
39. When was the Butler Square building originally built?
A) In the eighteenth century.
B) In the early nineteenth century.
C) In the late nineteenth century.
D) In the early twentieth century.
40. What is the author's opinion of the San Antonio project?
A) It is clearly the best of the projects discussed.
B) It is a good project that could be copied in other cities.
C) The extensive use of bulldozers made the project unnecessarily costly.
D) The work done on the river was more important than the work done on the buildings.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B),C)and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. The undersea world is well known as a source of natural beauty and a ____ to human fantasy.
A) gleam B) magnitude C) faction D) stimulus
42. Too many hotels have been built and this has ____ down prices, making holidays cheaper.
A) forced B) slowed C) cut D) reduced
43. The climber was ____ from the top of the cliff on a rope held by his friends.
A) exhausted B) relieved C) suspended D) isolated
44. We can't understand Uncle George, for he always ____ whatever he says.
A) masters B) mumbles C) molests D) muzzles
45. You haven't really answered the question, for what you said is not ____.
A) eligible B) pertinent C) provident D) expeditious
46. Always a clear diplomat, he ____ one potential eney of his country against another, so he kept them divided.
A) played down B) played on C) played with D) played off
47. His illness would ____ his progress of study.
A) cast B) conclude C) obstruct D) block
48. A beautiful autumn day like this ____ for the wet summer we have had.
A) compensates B) revenges C) balances D) compels
49. Do you have a ____ of ownership for this car?
A) document B) label C) passport D) certificate
50. Ronny's steps ____, and there was a moment of absolute silence.
A) died down B) died away C) died off D) died out
51. After practising for several weeks, Peter decided to ___.
A) contrive B) comprise C) confirm D) compete
52. When the pipe broke, the water ____ out violently.
A) trickled B) gushed C) stirred D) flitted
53. Few people ____ this department store because it didn't sell good clothing.
A) accused B) recited C) patronized D) advertized
54. The ____ between them has been made.
A) contention B) concord C) conjunction D) commune
55. It's hard to ____ someone so selfish.
A) feel like B) feel out C) feel for D) feel towards
56. The apple tree ____ the field, dropping its flowers on the grass.
A) leaned on B) leaned to C) leaned over D) leaned towards
57. Why are you always so ____ You never smile or look cheerful.
A) angry B) sorry C) unfortunate D) miserable
58. You must remember to ____ all your belongs out of this classroom today.
A) fetch B) take away C) bring D) take
59. The ____, while worrying, does not mean a total loss, as the jewels were insured for $ 30,000.
A) robber B) robbery C) rubbish D) robot
60. I have often wondered who first ____ that simple but profound truth.
A) urged B) uttered C) buttered D) sponsored
61. We'd better wait inside until the storm ____.
A) transmits B) distorts C) migrates D) subsides
62. I have not found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure ____ I could have done with it.
A) whether B) where C) when D) what
63. His mother bought a ____ chunk of meat.
A) massive B) excessive C) extravagant D) plentiful
64. He was interested only in the story and ____ all those passages of landscape description.
A) thought badly of B) went over C) made fun of D) passed over
65. If you don't return the article to the shop within a week, you will ____ the chance of getting your money back.
A) take B) forfeit C) stand D) get
66. The winter was close ____, she had no clothes, and now she was out of work.
A) severe B) far away C) mild D) at hand
67. Jim and Mike tried to move the large rock but they could not ____ it.
A) arouse B) provoke C) budge D) dodge
68. His ____ and experience make him an excellent person for this job.
A) competence B) complacency C) compensation D) compunction
69. In that year the ____ of infectious diseases in the United Kingdom was high.
A) rate B) ratio C) frequency D) incidence
70. I think I've grasped your main proposals, but would you mind ____ them once again?
A) running out B) running into C) running through D) running for
Part Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes)
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In the passage there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.
Every year, many foreign students go to America to study English. Some of them will participate in a homestay program and live with an American family. However, others will take a different decision. They will live with friends from their own country. I believe that if a foreign student looks at both possibilities, he will decide to live with an American family. Even though there are one or two drawbacks to the homestay way, there are far more benefits.
In making his decision about how to live in the United States, the foreign student is smart to consider one or two disadvantages to live with an American family. First of all, he must realize that he is going to feel homesick at first. Living in an American home with people of other language and culture may cause this feeling to increase. Also, the American family could become very protective of him. They may ask him where he is going, when he leaves home and when he will return. Despite of these two disadvantages, there is a stronger argument in favor of living with Americans. By living in an American home, the student has an opportunity to become familiar with American customs and culture. For instance, he will learn the importance of family closeness. He can see how the children communicate with their parents and how the parents educate their children. He will not feel like a stranger because the American family will help him adjusting to a new life. In an American home, he can learn English fast. Family members can help him with his homeworks. When he speaks English, they can point out his errors. In this way, he can learn English naturally. Although there are some disadvantage to live with an American family, there are heavier benefits. If the foreign student at first realizes the value of learning about a new culture and improving his English at the same time, he will find studying there a very big experience.
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic “The 1998 Summer Flood”. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 洪水所造成的损失：受灾面积……，伤亡人数……，经济损失……元，受灾最为严 重的省份是…… 2. 江 主席、党中央十分关心受灾地区和人民，亲自指挥抗洪抢险，取得了最后胜利。 3. 抗洪的胜利说明了什么?
答 案 Part Ⅱ
1、 短文大意
本文主要介绍了伦敦一个名叫 Caledonian Market的旧货市场的“繁荣”景象。无论任何人，无论你身处何 方，如果你有兴趣的话，都可以到这个市场上转一转。在这里，成千上万间的房子里堆满了各种各样的旧货，从破花瓶到旧乐器，从坏缝纫机到不能使用的计程器，从旧自行车到旧书等等，应有尽有。人类需要的怪诞性在这个市场上被表现得淋漓尽致。 文中还列举了在该旧货市场“废中寻宝”的例子。
21. 答 案B。【参考译文】下列哪一个标题最能概括文章的中心 ?【试题分析】本题考查对文章主旨的把握。【详细解答】这篇短文主要反映的是伦敦旧货市场兴旺发达的情况，那么它的标题也应该是反映这一情况的主题。 B)一个著名的旧货市场的写照，这个答 案正确。A)为什么人们买他们要买的东西，这个标题不能表达本文的主题思想。 C)痴迷好奇心的原因。到旧货市 场去逛一逛，买买东西，是一种娱乐或者是消遣，到那里去猎奇并不是旧货市场兴旺发达 的主要原因，也不能反映主题。 D)顶楼的垃圾发生了什么?这一项所反映的也是局部情况，不能反映主题。
22. 答 案B。【参考译文】在 Caledonican Market上出售的货物……【试题分析】此题考查学生根据材料中某些事实进行推断的能力。【详细解答】在 Caledonian Market出售的物品每周有两次到货，这一情况可从下面一段文字里反映出来：Junk pours in twice a week, year in and year out. A)用来观赏。这些各式各样的物品主要用来出售而不是观赏，如文章所述：Somebody, somewhere, wanted these things, perhaps just to look at.(某地某人需要这些东西，或许只是看看而已。)这种说法不全面，不合题意。B)每年收集50次，每星期两次，一年就是100次。这一说法符合要求， 故为正确答 案。C)反映了模糊不清的需要和愿望。这种说法不对，物品没有情感，不会有要求和愿望，只有人才有需求与希望，如：You learn here the incredible obscurity of human needs and desires.(你会了解到人们的需求，多令人难以置信和模糊不清。)。D)给买主带来财富。事实上，在旧货市场买东西不一定会给所有买主带来财富，只是偶尔有发财的机会，这种情况极少。
23. 答 案D。【参考译文】根据文章的风格，可以断定此文选自…【试题分析】此题考查学生对文章风格准确把握的能力。【详细解答】这篇短文给读者提供了一条关于英国伦敦最大的旧货市场的信息，对这个旧货市场作者有描述，有评论，也有推荐。如文章的最后一句话： There is nothing one can not buy in the Market.(在这个市场里没有人们买不到的东西。) 这就为人们提供了一个 信息：你需要买什么，那里就有什么。故 D为正确答案。
2、 短文大意
本文主要介绍了在动物界广泛存在的社会性行为——遗传模仿行为。它主要指两只或两只 以上动物用带有一定的模仿和合作的方式进行同样的行为。在脊椎动物中，这一行为表现得 最为广泛，尤其见于那些主要生活在空中，水中或平原上的昼行性动物。而在鸟类中，遗传模仿行为几乎已成定律，它的主要功能是提防敌人。在哺乳动物中，这一行为少见于啮齿类 ，而常见于大型有蹄类，例如绵羊。在食肉类飞禽中，这一行为有另一功能——合作捕捉较 大体型的猎物。而象狼之类的动物用它来防御大型敌人如熊的侵犯。而遗传模仿行为在大多 数灵长类动物身上得到高度发展。在这里它的主要功能是提防敌人。
24. 答 案B。【参考译文】短文的主题是什么 ?【试题分析】此题考查学生掌握文章主旨的能力。【详细解答】主题是什么 ?要回答这个问题首先要弄明白短文的主要内容，什么叫遗传模仿行为?定义是什么?情况怎样?有哪些例证?根据本题要求，B)遗传模仿行为的定义和分布，可 在短文的第一段中找到。其它三项选择均应排除。
25. 答 案A。【参考译文】下面列举的哪个地方最有可能成为遗传性模仿行为的环境 ?【试题分析】此题考查学生根据事实进行推断的能力。【详细解答】 A)为正确答 案。为什么?文章第一段的最后一句间接回答了这个问题：It is found primarily in vertebrates, in those species that are diurnal, and usually in those that spend much of their lives in the air, in open water or on open plains.(遗传模仿行为主要表现于脊椎动物以及那些白昼活动的动物，那些常常把一生大部时间都花在辽阔的天空、宽阔的水域或开阔的平原上的动物。)
26. 答 案C。【参考译文】作者暗示遗传性模仿行为大多发生在……的动物身上。【试题分析】此题考查学生领会作者意图的能力。【详细解答】解答此题须先找到有关事实，然后认真领会方可找到答 案。 作者暗示遗传模仿行为大多发生在群体活动的动物身上。在文章第三段最后一句话可以找到此答 案： On the other hand, such behavior is a major system among large hoofed mammals，such as sheep.(另一方面，这种行为在长蹄的大型哺乳动物如羊群等身上最为普遍。)羊群以群体活动为主，这种行为比其它哺乳动物更普遍，因此C为正确答 案。A)掠食其它动物;B)不如自己的敌人聪明;D)有一个支配视力的感官。A)、B)和D)三项均不合题意。文中提到过猛禽在猎取prey animals(被掠食者)时也有这种allelomimetic behavior的功能，但发生在它们身上的可能性远没有发生在被掠食动物身上的可能性大。
27. 答 案B。【参考译文】下面各情况中，哪一种清楚地说明是一个遗传模仿的例子 ?【试题分析】此题考查根据内容进行推测的能力。【详细解答】在所给四个选择中 B)能够说明问题，因为牲畜受到大火的威胁时，就产生一种自我保护本能，采取保护自己的行动，逃离火源，所以B)为正确答 案。A)掠食肉类动物的熊，不合题意。熊是不是掠食食肉动物的动物，我们暂且不管它，但有一点是肯定的：熊不是allelomimetic之类的动物。 C)在跑道上赛跑的马。马是驯服的动物，也没有allelomimetic功能。D)和警察一起工作的狗。狗是人类忠实朋友，和警察的合作非常密切，更不会有这种功能。
28. 答 案D。【参考译文】根据短文，鸟类遗传模仿行为的主要功能是……【试题分析】此题考查学生辨认某些事实的能力。【详细解答】根据短文，鸟类遗传模仿行为的主要功能是警惕掠食者。如果选 A)保 护鸟巢不受掠食者侵扰。主次颠倒，不合题意。主要功能是保护鸟类本身，而不是鸟巢。如果选 B)相互对视。allelomimelic behavior更没有这种功能，离题太远。如果选C)放置被捕食的动物。文不对题，不可取。
29. 答 案D。【参考译文】根据短文，如果人为地把啮齿类动物聚集在一起，它们会产生什么 样的行为 ?【试题分析】此题考查学生认识文章某些细节的能力。【详细解答】此答案可在文章的第三段中找到。啮齿动物的遗传模仿行为很少见，如 果人为地把它们聚在一起，它们的行动也不会保持一致。这说明，啮齿动物没有这种功能， 所以 D)为正确答 案。A)它们的这种行为增加，显然和题意不符。B)它们之间继续保持合作状态。事实上是：…they do not conform in their movement(行动不能保持一致)。C)它们变得好斗，并且相互攻击。这种情况是捏造的，不存在的。
30. 答 案C。【参考译文】下面几种人中哪一种有可能表现出最大的遗传模仿行为 ?【试题分析】此题考查学生根据内容进行合理推测的能力。【详细解答】有些动物包括人类在受到干扰或攻击时有一种自我保护意识和遗传模仿行为。根据文章内容，可以推断遗传模仿行为在动物中常用作自我保护。这样，我们就可进一步推测在人类中也类似。现在分析四个选项。 A项参加考试的学生，B项参加比赛的运动员， C项侦察敌人的侦察兵，D项等待交通指示灯变换的司机。可看出，侦察兵在执行任务时，容易受到敌人的攻击，自我保护意识强，因而也最可能具有遗传模仿行 为，所以C项最佳。
3、短文大意
本文主要介绍美国科学家有关心脏病与食物中胆固醇含量的关系的看法和争议，并进而对食物成分与疾病关系进行了讨论。过去不少科学家认为吃胆固醇含量低的食物可以降低心脏 病的发病率和死亡率，但现在这一看法受到质疑。新的看法也怀疑“人们可以通过改变饮食 习惯来预防心脏病、癌症及其他疾病。”这一说法。
31. 答 案B。【参考译文】根据短文，人们可以通过…来减小患心脏病的机率。【试题分析】此题考查学生辨认事实的能力。【详细解答】根据文章第一段所述，少吃含胆固醇的食物可以减少患心脏病的机率。据此，答 案不难找到。 B)少吃低胆固醇的食物。这是减少患心脏病比较可行的方法。相比较而言，其它说法都和题意相悖。A)少吃含有大量胆固醇的食物。这样只能增加患高血压的机 率。C)多吃含高胆固醇的食物。这样患心脏病的机会更大。D)吃药。吃药不是解决患心脏病的办法，也不能减小机率。
32. 答 案A。【参考译文】高胆固醇的食品包括……【试题分析】此题考查学生掌握某些细节的能力。【详细解答】高胆固醇的食品包括鸡蛋、肉类和牛奶制品。这是一般常识，而且在 短文中有明确表达： These include such foods as meats, milk products and eggs.A)项选择正好符合题意，故为正确答 案。B)蕃薯、青菜和西红柿。薯类和蔬菜不含脂肪，不含胆固醇。C)玉米、小麦和牛肉。玉米、小麦含有淀粉，自然没有胆固醇;牛肉虽然含有少量的胆固醇，但在C)项选择里占有三分之一的份额，故不能归到胆固醇食品的行列。D)糖、大米和奶油，和C)项选择一样，也不能归为含胆固醇食品一类。
33. 答 案B。【参考译文】有些科学家相信没有迹象表明食物中的胆固醇和……有直接联系。【试题分析】此题考查学生认识某些细节的能力。【详细解答】在文章的第二段中 很容易找到答 案： The new report by a team of scientists said there is no evidence to link cholesterol in food directly to heart disease.可以确定选项为B，其它三项选择容易被排除。
34. 答 案C。【参考译文】医学科学家认为……【试题分析】此题考查学生根据事实进行推测的能力。【详细解答】解答此题应从文章某些内容推测所包含的观点和倾向。四个选择中， C)最符合本题题意。如果选A)，那就成了：医学科学家们相信，为了解决胆固醇之争已经定好了试验。什么试验，试验什么内容都模糊不清。科学家们所希望的是通过两项庞大的研究计划可能会解决胆固醇之争，而不是通过试验解决争论。B)为了减少血液中的物质，对药物进行了试验，这种说法欠妥，因为文章中没有提到进行过药物试验，所以不能入选。D)项把以上三种选择都否定了，所以也是错误的。
35. 答 案C。【参考译文】下面几种说法中哪一种不正确 ?【试题分析】此题考查学生根据内容进行判断的能力。【详细解答】题目要求回答下列几种说法哪一种说法不对。 A)人们少吃带少量胆固 醇的食物可避免患心脏病。文中多次提到并被人们普遍接受，所以是对的。 B)听医生的忠 告，吃低胆固醇的食物，或服用药物，或两者兼之就不得心脏病。这一说法普遍为人们所接 受，也是对的。 C)一直有很好的科学事实证明含胆固醇食物能够增加患心脏病的机会。这种 说法和题意相反，因为文中曾提到： The new report by a team of 15 scientists said t here is no evidence to link cholesterol in food directly to heart disease.因而C)为正确答 案。D)人们常常认为胆固醇食品常和心脏病有直接联系。这种说法也是对的，也不能入选。
4、短文大意
本文主要介绍了从70年代开始的美国旧建筑翻新的热潮及其具体表现。最显著的旧建筑物 翻新的例子是对波士顿 18世纪的Fanellit Hall和Quincy Marbet的修复和改造。而位于Minneapolis的Butter Square的改造，则是将单一用途建筑物变为多用途建筑物的例子。最后，位于Texas的San Antonio的改造则给其他许多城市的改造提供了一个样板，表现了对环境保护的重视。
36. 答 案A。【参考译文】此文的主要内容是什么 ?【试题分析】此题考查学生对文章内容的整体把握。【详细解答】A)项为本题的答 案。因为文章的第一段有明确交待：The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970's was the enthusiasm for refurbishing(整修)old buildings.这个句子是第一段的主题句，也是全篇文章的论点。文章的第二段、三段、四段为第一段提供了论据和例证，都是为这个论点服务的。B)项 所反映的只是一个局部问题，是城市整修的一个实例，不足以代表整体，所以不能成为中心思想。C)项也是一个实例，推土机在这里的含义是市政建设，光靠建 设，不搞旧物利用，不进行整修改造，城市的衰败现象是不能克服的，故C)项也不是主题思想，不能入选。D)项反映的情况也是局部，即波士顿的情况，全国许多城市中的一员，是整修建筑、疏通河道的又一例子，同样不能代表中心思想，不能入选。
37. 答 案D。【参考译文】Quincy Marbet空地现在作为何用?【试题分析】此题考查学生掌握文章某些细节的能力。【详细解答】第二段的最后一句回答了这个问题： He has provided a marvelous settin g for dining, shopping, professional offices, and simply walking.(他为餐饮、购物 、专业办公和休闲提供了极好的场所。 ) dining指restaurant; shopping指商店;simply walking指recreation。故D)为正确答案。
38. 答 案B。【参考译文】根据短文， Benjamin Thompson是哪座城市某项工程的设计者?【试题分析】此题考查学生认识某些事实的能力。【详细解答】答 案在文中第二段，文章指出：… it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thompson.(这一地区的有些很不错的旧式建筑由于有了本杰明?汤普森的领导与设计又重新恢复了生机。)it指this section，在这个地区有两座建筑物(Faneuil Hall and Quincy Market)要整修，这是波士顿18世纪的建筑，毫无疑问，本杰明所领导和设计的这项工程发生在波士顿，而不是其它地方。
39. 答 案D。【参考译文】Buter Square大楼始建于什么时候?【试题分析】此题考查学生辨认某些细节的能力。【详细解答】答 案为 D。因为文章的第三段告诉读者：Butler Square, in Minneapolis, examplifies major changes in its complex of offices, commercial space, and public amenities(舒适的环境) carved out(雕刻) of a massive pile designed in 1906 as a hardware warehouse. (Butler广场就是一个例子，它的综合办公室、商贸处和公共娱乐场所都发生了巨大的变化，这些设施都是1906年从成堆设计图纸中精选并经过精雕细刻 而成的，现在变成了五金仓库。)
40. 答 案D。【参考译文】作者对 San antonico工程的意见是什么?【试题分析】此题考查学生根据事实进行推断的能力。【详细解答】作者对 San Antonio工程的意见是什么?A)很清楚它是所谈到 的最好的一项工程。 B)是一项其它城市可以仿效的好项目。C)大量的推土机给这项工程造成了不必要的浪费。D)改造河流工作比改造建筑物工作更重要。作者对San Antonio工程的意见反映在文章的最后一段：San Antonio, Texas, offers an object lesson for numerous other cities combating urban decay(得克萨斯的San Antonio为其它与衰退作斗争的城市提供了可供借鉴的例证。若选A)，文章中并没有说它是所谈到的最好的工程;若选C)，文章中也没有说它们给工程造 成了不必要的损失。哪项工作重要，哪项工作不重要，作者没有对它们进行比较。
Part Ⅲ
41. 答 案D。【参考译文】海底世界是著名的大自然美的源头和对人类有梦幻般刺激的地方。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】stimulus, stimuli(复数)刺激;刺激物。A)gleam微光，闪光;B)magnitude巨大;广大;C)faction宗派;派系斗争。根据题意，海底世界之所以美，是因为它对人类具有梦幻般的刺激，而不是它的“微光”，也不是它的“广大”，更不是它的“派系”，因此，只有D)“刺激”才符合题意，为正确答 案。
42. 答 案A。【参考译文】宾馆建造得过多，加速了住宿价格的下降，使得度假更加经济。【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题。【详细解答】force down加速下降。B)slow使慢下来;使(市场等)变得呆滞;可以说slow up (down) a motor car(放慢汽车速度)，但不能说slow down prices; C)cut down削减;缩短;可以说cut down expenses(削减开支)，但不能说cut down prices。eg. That with increased taxation and rising prices, I'm going to have to cut down on quite a lot of things—clothes, records and so on. D)reduce减少，降低(速度，成本等);reduce在用作减少开支的意义时可和cut down互换，如reduce expenses可以换成cut down expenses。
43. 答 案C。【参考译文】攀登者由他的朋友们用一根绳子把他从崖顶悬挂在空中。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题。【详细解答】suspend悬挂，吊。 A)exhausted(=use up completely)用尽，耗尽，用于耗尽力气，耗尽能量等，和悬挂、吊毫无联系，不能用于本题。B)relieved减轻(负担);解除(痛苦、忧愁 等)，e.g. relieve pain止痛;relieve sb. from anxiety消除某人的忧虑;不合本题题意。D) isolated(使)孤立的;(使)脱离的。
44. 答 案B。【参考译文】我们听不懂乔治大叔说什么，因为他说话总是含含糊糊。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题，兼考形近词辨析。【详细解答】mumble咕哝; 含糊而语。A)master v.掌握，用于掌握技术、知识等;n.作主人，东家，大师等。C)molest干扰，骚扰，不合题意。D)muzzle使安静。这是个较生僻的单 词，在选择时，首先应将其排除，因为muzzle这个词不常用，在意思上和mumble相差很远，只不过在外形上和mumble相似，需加以区别。
45. 答 案B。【参考译文】你还没有真正回答这个问题，因为你说的话不贴切。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题，认识其词义是关键。【详细解答】pertinent恰 当的，贴切的;中肯的。A)eligible合格的;有资格的;和for搭配;e.g. Only native born citizens are eligible for the U.S.Presidency.(只有当地出生的人才有资格竞选美国总统)。C)provident可预知的;如果C)用于此题，在语法上是对的，但在意 思上和所问的衔接不上。在回答问题时，回答是正确还是不正确，是清楚还是不清楚，恰当还是不恰当，可用correct or not correct, clear or not clear, pertinent or not pertinent，不能用provident，注意形同意不同的词的区别。D)expeditious迅速;敏捷，不合题意。
46. 答 案D。【参考译文】作为精明的外交家，他常常能够使国内潜在的敌人互相争斗，彼此分裂。【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题，认识 play 构成的四个短语的各自含义是解答的关键。【详细解答】played off使暴露弱点;使出丑。A)play down缩小(作用等);贬低(重要性);B)play on利用(别人的情绪等);C)play with玩;玩弄。play和很多介词或副词结合，构成不同意思的短语，注意它们在上下文的意思。在本题里只有play off才符合题意。
47. 答 案D。【参考译文】他的疾病会阻碍他的学习进步。【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题，特别注意 C项obstruct与D项block含义与用法的细微区别。【详细解答】block阻止;阻碍。A)cast投;掷;e.g. cast votes投票(选举);B)conclude结论;总结;终止;C)obstruct阻塞;干扰。注意obstruct和block在作“阻塞”(道路、通道、交通)用时可以互换，没什么区别;在作“阻碍进步、学习”之意时，只能用block，而不能obstruct，因为在这里block所阻止的是 抽象的、概念性的东西，而obstruct则指具体的、看得见的东西(如道路交通、车辆的运行等)。
48. 答 案A。【参考译文】这样美丽的秋天对我们度过的潮湿的夏天来说是一种补偿。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题，兼考动词搭配。【详细解答】 compensate补偿;赔偿。B)revenge替…报仇;revenge sb. 为某人报仇。 C)balance使平衡;使(力量等)均等。e.g. Can you balance yourself onskates?(你穿了滑冰鞋能够保持身子平衡吗?) D)compel强迫;使不得不;compel sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事，compel的反义词有agree, obey等。根据题意，A)为正确答 案。compensate和for搭配，意思是弥补…的不足。
49. 答 案D。【参考译文】你有这辆汽车的执照吗 ?【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题。【详细解答】certificate证书，证件;执照。A)document文件;文献;e.g. There are many documents concerning the King's signature.(有许多有关国王签字的文献资料。) 注意 document(s)和certificate的用法区别，虽然两者都具有法律效用，但作证件、证书讲时，只能用certificate;在作有关…的 资料讲时，只能用document(s)。B)label标签;指货物的名称、价格，写在纸上、布上或刻在金属或木头上，并说明用途。 C)passport护照;指出国旅行者所持的政府证明文件。
50. 答 案B。【参考译文】罗妮的脚步声消失了，接下来是一阵死一般的寂静。【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题，考 die短语的含义和用法。【详细解答】die away (=become weaker or fainter until it ceases)(声音、风、光等)变弱、变小，直到消失。A)die down平息;熄灭;静下来;C)die off一个个死掉;绝种;枯死;e.g. The species is dying off.(这个物种正濒临灭绝。)D)die out熄灭;绝种;不复存在。在作“绝种”用时和die off意义相同。e.g. This bird is dying out.(这种鸟快要绝种了。)根据题意，选B)比较合适，其它均不可取。
51. 答 案D。【参考译文】经过几个星期的训练，彼得决定参加比赛。【试题分析】本题为形近词辨析题，又是难词理解题。【详细解答】compete竞争;比赛。 A)contrive计划;发明;找出做某事的办法等，不适合本题。B)comprise包括;包含;e.g. The committee comprises men of widely different views.(委员会中包括存在广泛不同意见的成员。) comprise和include意思相近。C)confirm指(权利、意见、感情等)更坚固;证实。在对某种意见、说法是否准确、真实时，可用 confirm一词。
52. 答 案B。【参考译文】管子破裂后，水汹涌地往外流。【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题，又是难词理解题。【详细解答】gushed溢出。A)trickled 细细地流;注意：gushed和trickled的区别。管子破裂，水往外流，由于水的压力，不可能是涓涓细流，一定很急，故用gushed比较恰当。 C)stirred搅拌，意思是人为地用器皿去搅动，显然不是本题的答案。而D项fitted意为迅速飞过，更与题意相去甚远。
53. 答 案C。【参考译文】很少有人光顾这个百货店，因为里面卖的衣服质量很差。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题。【详细解答】patronized保护;支持;光顾。A)accused指责;谴责;若用于本题，题意就会出现前后矛盾的情况，那就成了“很少有人指责这个商店，因为他们不卖好衣服”，前后的因果关系不 协调，所以不能用于本题。B)recited背诵;朗诵;D)advertized广告;通知。B)和D)和本题题意相差甚远，不适用。
54. 答 案B。【参考译文】他们彼此间达成了一致。【试题分析】本题为形近词识别题，准确掌握每个词的拼写和含义是解答关键。【详细解答】concord和谐;一 致;协调。A)contention竞争，斗争，争论。C)conjunction结合;联合。根据题意，A)和C)都不合适。D)commune公社， 和题意相差太远，更不能入选。
55. 答 案C。【参考译文】如此自私的人很难让人同情。【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题，也即为短语辨析题。【详细解答】feel for对(某人)感到同情;同情(某人)。A)feel like想(做某事);愿意。e.g. I'm tired. I feel like going to bed.(我累了，想去睡觉。)B)feel out试探;摸清(某人的想法)。D)feel towards感觉;e.g. How do you feel towards the new teacher?(你对新来的老师感觉怎么样?)根据题意，选C)最合适。
56. 答 案C。【参考译文】田野里长着一棵弯苹果树，树上的花瓣散落在草地上。【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题。【详细解答】leaned over (=bend over)弯曲;弯腰。A)lean on依靠;e.g. They always lean on (upon) us when they are in trouble.(他们遇到困难时总是依靠我们。)在这 里， lean on和rely on在用法上近似。B)lean to (towards)倾向一种观点;e.g. Does the Labour Party lean towards socialism?(劳动党倾向社会主义吗?)D)和B)相同，可以互换。
57. 答 案D。【参考译文】你为什么闷闷不乐 ?从来没见你笑过或高兴过。【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题，特别注意 C、D的区别。【详细解答】miserable不幸的;运气不好的。miserable的反义词(opposite or antonym)是cheerful。A)angry气愤的;生气的。和别人吵嘴或遇到不愉快的事情时所表现出的外部表情;B)sorry表示为某人难过或惋惜，或因做错了某事而感到后悔;C)unfortunate意为“不幸的，运气不好的”，虽然从中文字义上看和miserable有些类似，但是它指 的是在本来应该抓住的幸运的事没有抓住，而感到遗憾，miserable含有“惨”的意味。B)和C)均不适合本题。
58. 答 案D。【参考译文】你要记住今天必须把你的所有东西拿出教室。【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题。【详细解答】take拿，带(走)。A)fetch去取， 去接，去拿。是指某人从说话者所在的地方出发到某地方把东西拿到说话人所在的地方，所以不能用于本句。B)take away拿走，后跟from, take sth. away from a place(从某地方把东西拿走)。C)bring带来，是指把东西从某地带到说话人所在的地方。根据题意B)和C)也不适合本句。
59. 答 案B。【参考译文】虽然这次被劫令人烦恼，但并非全部钱财受损，因为价值 3万美元的首饰投了保险。【试题分析】本题为形近词辨析题，兼考同源词辨认。【详细解答】robbery抢劫;盗取。A)robber盗贼;强盗;指人， 而robbery则指行为或事件，所以不能用于本题。C)rubbish垃圾，废物;D)robot机器人。这两个选项和robbery完全是两个概念， 更不能用于本题。注意形同意不同词的区别和用法。
60. 答 案B。【参考译文】我常常感到纳闷，是谁先说出这个简单而又深刻的道理。【试题分析】本题为句意理解题，兼考形近词辨析。【详细解答】uttered说 出;发出(声音)。A)urged敦促;恳求;e.g. He urged me to help him.(他敦促我去帮助他。)不能用于此句。C)buttered涂上黄油。用于成语：butter up拍马屁，阿谀奉承。D)sponsored发起;主办，也不符合本题题意。
61. 答 案D。【参考译文】我们最好在里面等到暴风雨减小为止。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题。【详细解答】subsides下沉，退去，减小，平静。 A)transmits转送;寄送;传达;B)distort歪曲;扭曲;曲解;C)migrate移动;迁移。注意migrate的意思是：自本国迁移 他国;immigrate的意思自他国迁入。根据本句意思，A)、B)和C)三项都不适合本句。
62. 答 案D。【参考译文】我还没找到我的书呢。即使我已找到它，我也不知道将它如何处置。【试题分析】本题为形近词辨析题。【详细解答】what在这里作 done的宾语。what作疑问代词和关系代词，作关系代词时是指所…的事物或人(=that which或those which) Tell me what you know.将你知道的告诉我。A)whether作连词，意思“是否”和if可以互换。B)where(疑问副词)在哪里;往哪里;从哪里等。 C)when(疑问副词)什么时候;(作连词)当…什么时候。从题意上分析，A)、B)和C)三项都不能用于此句。
63. 答 案A。【参考译文】他母亲买了一大块肉。【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题。【详细解答】massive巨大的;大量的。B)excessive过度的;极端的;和extreme近意。C)extravagant浪费的;过度的;D)plentiful许多的;丰富的，plenty of大量，许多，跟名词。以上B)、C)和D)三项都不适合本题。
64. 答 案D。【参考译文】他只对故事感兴趣，而对文章中的景色描写略而不看。【试题分析】本题为短语辨析题。【详细解答】passed over不管;略而不看(谈)。A)badly thought of拼命思考;苦思冥想。B)went over仔细检查;复习。C)made fun of取笑某人。只有D)才符合本题题意。
65. 答 案B。【参考译文】如果你不能在一星期内把商品退给商店的话，你就会失去退款的机会。【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题。【详细解答】forfeit丧失(权 利、名誉、生命等);(作为惩罚被没收或被剥夺而)失去。A)take a (the) chance的意思是碰碰运气，冒风险(也许会…)。e.g. Let's take the chance and buy these goods.(让我们冒冒风险，就买这些货物吧。)显然A)不 能用于此句。 C)stand a (good, fair) chance很有可能(成功)。e.g. He doesn't stand a chance of being elected.(他没有希望当选。)D)get the chance得到机会;有机会。C)和D)均不符合题意，不能入选。
66. 答 案D。【参考译文】冬天很快就要到了，她没有衣服穿，而且还失了业。【试题分析】本题为词义辨析题，要尤其注意对句意的正确理解。【详细解答】at hand就要到来;不远了。A)severe严肃的，正经的;严厉的，用来修饰人或事;e.g. severe discipline; be severe upon (on) sb.;severe winter(严冬)等。B)far away离得远远的;在远处，和at hand意思上恰恰相反，不宜用于此题。C)mild(指人)温和;温柔;(指气候、药物)温和。
67. 答 案C。【参考译文】吉姆和迈克去搬那块大石头，但它纹丝不动。【试题分析】本题为难词辨析题，兼考形近词辨认。特别注意 C和D项的确切含义。【详细解答】budge动(一动);挪动(一下)，用于否定句中。A)arouse(无形物，看不见摸不着的东西等)兴起;发生;出 现;不适合此题。B)provoke挑拨;煽动;引起(战斗、战争等)。D)dodge躲闪;躲避;e.g. dodge a blow躲开殴打。
68. 答 案A。【参考译文】他的能力与经验使他成为这项工作的最佳人选。【试题分析】本题为形近词辨析题，兼考难词词义。【详细解答】competence能力; 胜任。反义词：incompetence。B)complacency得意，自满情绪。如果用B)代替A)，意义上发生了绝对不同的变化：他再有经验，如 果骄傲自满，绝对不会成为最佳人选，故B)不能入选。C)compensation弥补;赔偿;D)compunction懊悔;内疚。根据题意，只有 A)适合本题。
69. 答 案D。【参考译文】那年英国传染病发病率很高。【试题分析】本题为近义词辨析题，兼考同源词辨义。【详细解答】incidence发病(数);影响范围。注意英语的习惯用法，发病率只用incidence of disease而不能用rate of disease，也不能用ratio of disease。A )rate比率;…率;汇兑率;e.g. the rate of interest(利率);the rate of exchange( 兑换率 )。B)ratio(数)比，比率;e.g. the ratio between industry and agriculture(工 农的比率 )。注意rate, ration和reason是同源异形字。C)frequency频率;次数，用于频率的高低、次数的多少，在意义上不符合本题要求。
70. 答 案C。【参考译文】我想我已明白了你的提议，请再简述一下好吗 ?【试题分析】本题为搭配辨析题。【详细解答】running through (=review, summarize, pass over)看一遍，过一遍，简述(要点)。A)run out流出;期满;(粮食等)被用完，用尽。B)run into(汽车等)跑进;偶然，碰见(某人)。C)run for竞选，让…竞选;e.g. He did not want to run for President in that year.(那年他没打算竞选总统。)
Part Ⅳ
71. 答 案：将take改为make。【参考译文】然而，也有人作出不同的决定。【试题分析】本题为辨析搭配的误用。【详细解答】take不能和decision 搭配。和decision搭配的词组有：make a decision; come to a decision; give (one's) decision; reach a decision; arrive at a decision, etc.
72. 答 案：将way改为option。【参考译文】虽然居家的选择有一些不利之处，但它的优点要多得多。【试题分析】本题为辨析近义词的误用。【详细解答】 way在此处用法不当，因为way的基本意思是“道路”，“手段”，“习惯”，“作风”等。option的基本意思是“选择”，“选择权”，“选择自由” 等，因此，option在此和homestay搭配，构成homestay option。
73. 答 案：将smart改为wise。【参考译文】在决定以何种方式逗留美国时，外国人应该能明智地考虑到居住在美国的家庭里的一些不利条件。【试题分析】本题为辨析同义词的误用。【详细解答】smart的意思是“敏捷，灵活，伶俐，精明，漂亮”;wise的基本意思是“明智的，聪明的，英明的”。两者的区别在 于：前者强调外表情况，后者则强调内在的因素。
74. 答 案：将other 为another。【参考译文】居住在说另外一种语言，拥有另外一种文化的美国家庭里面会使得这种感情 (思乡)变得更强烈。【试题分析】本题为辨析同义词的误用。【详细解答】注意 other和another在用法上的区别。other可作代词和形容词，作代词的意思是“另外的人(或物);作形容词“另外的”，“其它的”。 another作形容词是“另一个的”，“别的”，作代词时是“另一个，别的一个”。在此处，…with people of another language(和说另外一种语言的人们在一起)。
75. 答 案：将argument改为idea。【参考译文】尽管有这些不足之处，但仍有一种支持和美国人住在一起的更强烈的想法。【试题分析】本题为辨析近义词的误用。【详细解答】idea的意思是“思想”，“意见”。argument的意思是“争论，辩论;议论”。根据上下文得知，尽管有这两点不足之处，但仍有 一种支持和美国人住在一起的更强烈的想法。
76. 答 案：将adjusting改为adjust。【参考译文】他不会感到不自在，因为美国家庭将会帮他适应新的生活方式。【试题分析】本题为辨析现在分词与动词原形的误用。【详细解答】adjusting是现在分词不能用在help sb. doing sth.而应改为help sb. (to) do sth. e.g. The American family will help him adjust to a new life.(美国家庭将帮助他适应一种新的生活。)
77. 答 案：homeworks改为homework。【参考译文】家庭成员能帮助他完成家庭作业。【试题分析】本题为辨析不可数名词的误用。【详细解答】 homework为不可数名词，作“家庭作业”讲时，没有复数形式。
78. 答 案：disadvantage改为disadvantages。【参考译文】虽然住在美国的家庭里面会有一些不利条件，但获得的益处更大。【试题分析】本题为辨析名词单复数的误用。【详细解答】disadvantage是可数名词，有单、复数之分，那么在和there are组成句子时，必须以复数的形式出现。
79. 答 案：heavier改为greater。【参考译文】虽然住在美国的家庭里面会有一些不利条件，但获得的益处更大。【试题分析】本题为辨析搭配的误用。【详细解答】heavy的比较级是heavier。在修饰名词benefits时不能用heavy or heavier进行修饰，因为heavy常用来形容：heavy rain(大雨);heavy burden(沉重 负担 )。heavy的另一层意思是厉害的，严重的。所以，在表达“较大益处”或“较大好处” 时，只能用 greater benefits。
80. 答 案：big改为rewarding。【参考译文】如果这位外国学生一开始就能认识到在学习英语的同时又能学习一种新文化的价值的话，他会发现这种学习方式是值得体验的。【试题分析】本题为辨析近义词的误用。【详细解答】big一般指体积、空间上的大小;rewarding值得做的;rewarding experience意思是值得借鉴的经历。所以，这里不能用big experience，而只能用rewarding experience。
Part Ⅴ 写作指导
这是一篇带有新闻综述性质的记叙文，又是热门话题。既然有新闻性质，就应该具有新闻的一些特点如背景的介绍，过程的描述，最后加上作者的评价， 当然实效性也不可缺。本文的行文大致如此。应该说，记叙文比说明文和议论文都容易写一点。因为说明文牵涉到对说明对象的全面、准确把握，稍有疏漏，便易偏题;而议论文又需要有严格的格式，一般分为引论，本论，结论三部分。但真正写好一篇记叙文也非易事，因为“平中见奇”也难。特别是象这种需要一些具体数字 作为文章必不可少内容的文章，更需要平时注意看新闻，关心国家大事，才能写得比较合乎情理，符合实际。
本文由三段组成，每段的基本内容都在要求中给出了中心句，有所依据，写时注意不能太多任意发挥。
范文中，作者第一段写了 98洪水造成的损失，包括受灾面积、伤亡人数，经济损失以及受灾最为严重的省份。作者用了一系列数字，给人以清楚明了，可信之感。一些用词如 claimed, deluge等，都用得非常贴切、地道。第二段写了江 主席及党中央对受灾地区和人民的关心以及广大军民奋战洪水的经过，最后取得抗洪救灾的胜利。最后一段着手揭示了抗洪胜利的意义和留给我们的启示。作者主要从三个方面加以阐述。首先指出了它对维护社会安定团结和保障改革开放顺利进行具有极其重要的意义，这 是从整体上来说的。其次又从政治上指明了这一胜利反映了中国共产党领导下的人民军队的团结和力量以及社会主义的优越性。最后又指出了中国共产党领导下的中国人民和人民军队是不可战胜的，中国的二十一世纪是充满前途和希望的。结尾显得极具号召性，鼓舞人心。虽然第三段内容较多，但作者对内容的合理安排使得读 起来非常流畅，丝毫不拖泥带水。
注意作者为了内容的需要，运用了不少大词，使用了较多长句，这是内容决定形式的需要，值得我们借鉴。
Sample Writing
The 1998 Summer Flood The calamitous floods this year claimed the lives of more than three thousand people, 1,320 being killed along the Yangtse River. The deluge in the summer flooded 21 million hectares of land in 29 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Direct economic losses caused by the floods have hit 166.6 billion yuan (U.S.$20 billion). Jianxi, Hunan, Hubei, Heilongjang and Jilin provinces and the Inner Mogolian Autonomous Region have suffered the most serious damages. President Jiang Zemin and the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCCP) were greatly concerned about the floods. President Jiang and other top leaders went personally to the anti flood front and directed troops and civilians to fight against the floods. Jiang ordered the troops to give their all to safeguard the dykes. The battle against the summer flood involved 8 million people and 274,000 soldiers and armed police. Soldiers and local residents battled courageously and worked tenaciously to hold back raging flood waters and achieved an ultimate victory. They protected the safety of levees, major cities along the rivers and main railway lines and saved untold lives. As President Jiang said, “We have successfully waged a ‘People's War' in advance of the new century.” The monumental success will have far reaching significance in terms of helping to maintain the social stability required by reform, opening up and modernization construction. The victory has once again clearly revealed the cohesiveness and tenacity of the forces of the Communist Party of China and its leaders, the superiority of socialism and the reliability of our army. The victory over the 1998 summer flood also shows that the Chinese people and army, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, is invincible. They can overcome any difficulties and hardships to win successes in advance of the new century.
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