音标是学习英语的基础,学好音标能够提高英语发音的准确性,这对词汇的背诵积累尤其重要。为了帮助大家打好英语学习基础,下文中特总结了英语48个音标的发音,供大家学习与参考。

01

48个英语音标表:20个元音+28个辅音

单元音12个

短元音:[i] [ə] [ɒ] [u] [Λ] [æ] [e]

长元音:[i:] [ə:] [ɔ:] [u:] [ɑ:]

双元音8个

[ai] [ei] [ɔi] [au] [əu] [iə] [eə] [uə]

清浊成对的辅音10对

清辅音:[p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s] [tr] [ts] [∫] [t∫]

浊辅音:[b] [d] [g] [v] [ð] [z] [dr] [dz] [ʒ] [dʒ]

其他辅音8个

[h] [m ] [n] [ŋ] [l] [r] [w] [j]

the在元音前读[ði],在辅音前读[ðə],而元辅音的判断不是第一个单词,而是第一个音素,或说发音。

如:

the United States的第一个音素是[j],半元音,按辅音读[ðə]

连读

1、“辅音+元音”型连读(异性相吸)

如:

I’d li(ke a)nother bow(l o)f rice.

I’m~an~English boy.

It~is~an~old book.

Let me have~a look~at~it.

Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.

I called~you half~an~hour~ago.

Put~it~on, please.

Not~at~all.

Please pick~it~up.

这里like / laik / 以辅音结尾,another 以元音开头,所以连读

注意:

以辅音结尾 指的是音标中的最后一个音是辅音,而不是单词的结尾,这如同u[ju:.]niversity前面的定冠词必须用a 一样。

2、“辅音+ h”型连读

h不发音

what wil(l he) [wili]do?

Ha(s he) done it before?

Mus(t he) [ti] go?

Can he do it?

Should he….?

Tell him to ask her….

Lea(ve him) [vim].

For him (连读这个词,会发现和forum 很相似)

3、“辅音+半元音”型连读

英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。

Thank~you

Nice to meet~you.

Did~you get there late~again?

Would~you like~a cup~of tea?

Could~you help me, please?

4、“元音+元音”型连读

如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。

I~am Chinese

She wants to study~English

How~and why did you come here?

She can’t carry~it.

It’ll take you three~hours to walk there.

The question is too~easy for him to answer.

5、当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。

Is~it a~hat or a cat?

(hat与or之间不可以连读)

There~is~a good book in my desk.

(book与in之间不可以连读)

Can you speak~English or French?

(English与or之间不可以连读)

Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning?

(meet与 at,eight与or之间不可以连读)

She opened the door and walked~in.

(door与and之间不可以连读)

6、“r/re+元音”型连读

如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。

They’re my father~and mother.

I looked for~it here~and there.

There~is a football under~it.

There~are some books on the desk.

Here~is a letter for you.

Here~are four~eggs.

But where~is my cup?

Where~are your brother~and sister?

但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。

如The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer与and不可连读)

音的同化

音的同化也是一种连读的现象,两个词之间非常平滑的过渡,导致一个音受临音影响而变化。

主要是以下三种方式:

1、 辅音[d]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[dʒ]:Would you....?

2、 辅音[t]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[t∫]:Can’t you?

3、 辅音[s]与[j]相邻时, 被同化为[∫]:Miss you

以上就是为大家分享的英语48个音标的发音知识,大家都掌握了吗?千万不要小看它们哦!它们是英语的基础这是不错的,但是如果它们你都没有学会,那么后续的学习将会产生不小的麻烦。