大家应该知道考研英语,写作部分考查考生用英语进行书面表达的能力,所占分值比例为15%。写作部分根据考生所熟悉的题材出题。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等,写出一篇不少于150词的短文。大家知道有哪些技巧吗?

考研考试写作部分评分原则

考研写作采用总体评分(Global Scoring)的方法,即阅卷老师就总的印象给分,而不是按语言点的错误数量扣分。阅卷老师主要从内容和语言两个方面对考生作文进行综合评判,考虑作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍等。一般而言,阅卷老师在看到作文10秒钟之内就会根据第一印象得出打分档次,然后在余下的时间里确定 整篇作文的分数,该分数通常会在印象分基础上上下浮动10%左右。为了给阅卷老师留下良好的第一印象,写好第一段是关键。此外还有注意各段落的衔接和结构安排的合理性。

考研英语作文的命题范围

通过对之前数十年的真题题材的分析、归类和研究,我们可以看出:

考研写作的题材具有很明显的现实意义,大多与广大考生的学习、就业和课余生活有关,或者涉及当前社会的变化、发展及进步。基本上都是广大考生所熟悉的题材,没有出现偏题、怪题的情况。

以下列出了近11年的考研考试作文命题类型:

1. 校园生活类

2. 课余生活类

3. 热点话题类

4. 工作求职类

可以看出,校园生活类的题材占总数的50%。这些题材贴近考生的日常校园生活,是考生最为熟悉和了解、也最容易有感而发的话题。

考研英语作文的主要体裁

考研作文的体裁主要有议论文、应用文和说明文三类。其中,议论文出现的次数较多(尤其是在最近几年);应用文出现的次数次之;说明文出现的次数最少。在过去11年考试中有12次考到了议论文,占总数的55%;应用文出现过5次,占总数的23%;说明文在真题中出现过4次,占总数的18% 。

写作模板分享

议论文

写作训练

它是指解释、议论、说理的文章,通过运用概念、判断、推理等抽象的逻辑形式来论证和阐明事物的道理。

议论文主要用于陈述各种理由,发表作者的看法、观点,因此往往观点鲜明,预期倾向明显。议论文写作要求考生不仅能够清楚、准确地表达出自己的观点,还要进行论证,做到有理有据。

01 / 对立观点型

对立观点型论说文,顾名思义是就某一事物或现象给出两种对立的观点,将两种观点进行比较,然后表明自己的立场和看法。

这类作文的主线是:某一事物或现象—其优缺点或有关的正反面观点—“我”的态度或看法。其框架也相对固定,三段分别可以这样展开:

•第一段:引出有争议的两个观点;

•第二段:对两个观点分别进行详细的论述,可以分为两小段进行;

•第三段:总结、陈述自己的观点。结合考研考试的特点,我们对历年真题制作了套用模板,以供参考。

第一段:

Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in _________.

(点明新热点)

Therefore, there is a hot debate over _________.

(切入话题)

第二段:

Some people are in favor of the idea of _________.

(概述一方观点)

They believe that ________. (详述理由一)

They also argue that _________. (详述理由二)

第三段:

However, other people stand on a different ground.

(概述另一方观点)

They consider ________.

(详述理由一)

What’s more, they firmly point out that _______.

(详述理由二)

第四段:

There is some truth in both arguments.

(双方各有道理)

But I think the advantages of ________ overweigh the disadvantages.

(但是利大于弊)

In my opinion, _________.

(总结自己的观点)

例:Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? (2007年6月考研考试作文真题)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given in Chinese below:

1. 有人做好事期望得到回报;

2. 有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报;

3. 你的观点。

这篇作文要求学生对做好事是否应该期望得到回报进行评论。

•文章首先开门见山地提出引起争议的两种观点。

•然后从现代社会的要求以及奖励好人好事对于提高整体社会风尚的作用方面进行阐述,如:great deeds deserve recognition and should win public acclaim.

•第三段则应从反方立场进行陈述,即要具体论述“应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报”的观点。考试可以从有些人以做好事为幌子来达到利己目的这个角度出发,通过举例来使观点更具说服力,如:For example, a few entrepreneurs donate to a charity with an aim to getting tax reduction instead of helping others from the bottom of heart.

•第四段可结合自己的理解来讨论这个问题,表明自己的观点,如:In my opinion, although good deeds are supposed to come from spontaneous reaction in face of certain circumstances, doing something good in exchange for rewards is not an offense.

【范文】

Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed?

Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in expecting a reward when doing a good deed. Therefore, a hot debate arises over whether one should perform good deeds for a reward.

Some people are in favor of the idea that great deeds deserve recognition and should win public acclaim. They believe that it is extremely important to recognize and promote all kinds of noble deeds.They also argue that rewarding good deeds is an effective way to set inspiring examples to the public and to encourage more good deeds.

However, other people hold an opposite viewpoint. They consider that people who perform a real good deed shouldn’t expect reward. Respect and acclaim shouldn’t be given to people who do good deeds with potential motives. For example, a few entrepreneurs donate to a charity with an aim to getting tax reduction instead of helping others from the bottom of heart. What’s more, they firmly point out that people should perform good deeds like Lei Feng without hoping for any economic or material reward.

There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of expecting a reward when doing a good deed outweigh the disadvantages. In my opinion, although good deeds are supposed to come from spontaneous reaction in face of certain circumstances, doing something good in exchange for rewards is not an offense. It merits respect. I believe that a role model sometimes outweighs a sole good deed.

考研英语写作的时间大概为30分钟。写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作,思想表达准确,意义连贯,无重大语法错误。所以我们需要过硬的本领,技巧只是锦上添花,如果想要自己获得高分,那还是少不了平时的训练。