在备考雅思的过程中,首先要了解雅思的考试题型和评分标准。下面是小编给大家分享的雅思阅读总分总等段落结构分析,大家可以作为参考。

  雅思阅读总分总等段落结构分析

  一般的段落结构可概括为六种:

  一.总分段落。一般第二句话有for example/for instance之类举例关系词时, 那么可以断定第一句为中心句。如剑3T2section C段落可说明此问题。这种文章结构在雅思阅读文章中是最常见的一种。

  二.总分总段落。这种段落就是在总分结构段落最后加一个总结句。如剑3T1P3就是这种段落,通过分析此段中心句仍是第一句。这种文章结构和上面的结构一样,在雅思阅读文章中也是最常见的一种。

  三.分总段落。这种段落把主题句放在了最后。如《剑桥大学老样题》P2Q12中心句为最后一句This is a purely person-skills match approach to selection。这是个下定义句型,一般下定义的句型(A is B, A is defined as….,A is called…, The definition of A is ….)我们可以看之为中心句,这种方法在剑2T1P2B段和E段都有体现。这种段落结构而后上面的两种不一样,这种结构的出现并不多。

  四.分总分段落。即在分总的基础上继续分述某些具体内容,参见剑3T1P3Q3.

  五.对比段落结构。此种段落的特征为段落中间方向发生改变(如转折),因此,如果段落当中出现but, however, while之类转折词,转折后面是重点,可作为中心句的位置。如剑6T2P1B段。这种段落结构在雅思阅读文章结构中是以说明性的科技文章比较多。

  六.并列段落结构。几个共同的例子说明同样的问题。如剑2T3P3A段。

  以上6雅思文章的段落结构都是一些非常常见的段落结构形式,但是大家想要掌握这些结构还是需要经过多次的雅思阅读文章的练习才能达到的。

  雅思阅读技巧:段落标题题

  Paragraph headings(段落标题)最频繁的题型之一

  在阅读文章的后面给出list of headings,一般是10个左右选项,其中含一到两个段落及其标题的例子。要求对题目中给出的段落,根据其内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。尽管题目说明中提示一个选项可能会适用多个,但正式考试中一般一个选项只能用于一个段落。

  段落标题类答题步骤:

  1. 首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings,以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时,它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。

  2. 在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉,以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。

  3. 对题目中给出的段落,按照首句(第一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的方法,在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

  4. 如果时间允许,按照文章的段落顺序,对非题目中给出的段落及例子段落进行快速阅读,而对题目中给出并要求找出与其相匹配的段落标题的段落进行精读。找出其中心意思后,再在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

  5. 选出几个可能匹配的题目进行比较(通常两至三个),当然其中只能有一个为正确答案。

  6. 对于第一种匹配题型可以将最难的题留在最后进行匹配,不要在较难的题上花费更多的时间,而应选择较易回答的题目进行匹配,最后所剩即为该难题的答案。

  7. 要仔细检察答案,特别是第一题型,因为答错一题,就意味着答错两道题。

  雅思备考:如何应对阅读干扰项

  一、 重要干扰项

  重要干扰项就是指,这种选项虽然不是正确答案,却与原文不冲突(或者很难判断是否与原文冲突),它们与正确答案看起来比较相似,只不过不如正确答案更准确、更完整或更严谨。我们和小编一起来看下面的例子:

  In Tarkovsky’s opinion, the attraction of the cinema is that it

  Aaims to impress its audience.

  Btells stories better than books.

  Cillustrates the passing of time.

  Ddescribes familiar events.

  我们可以定位到原文的C段和D段,C段提到:The frightened audience could not accept that they were watching a mere picture. Pictures were still, only reality moved; this must, therefore, be reality. In their confusion, they feared that a real train was about to crush them. 这一段文字表达了观众当时的反应,观众们很难接受自己看到的是图画而不是事实。D段提到:The key to that magic was the way in which cinema created a dynamic image of the real flow of events. A still picture could only imply the existence of time, while time in a novel passed at the whim of the reader. But in cinema, the real, objective flow of time was captured. 这段文字描述了电影创造了事件随时间的发展演变,并且用picture和novel进行类比,强调电影的魔力是让人清楚地看到事情流畅地随时间演变。

  根据这两段文字所表达的意思,很多学生会选择A或B选项,因为原文提及了观众、小说(书)的内容。A和B两个选项与原文所讲的内容并不是矛盾或完全不符合的。因此,这两个选项就干扰了我们正确的选择。当我们把这两段文字仔细推敲之后,发现描述观众的反应和对比书和电影的区别,都是为了表达电影的魔力在于表达事件随时间的发展这一主题含义。C项的含义比AB要更准确,因此答案选择C项。

  二、 错误干扰项

  相比之下,多选题目的错误干扰项就较容易识别出来了。我们可以看到,有些题目中,某个选项与原文是直接矛盾的,那么肯定不会选择它为正确的答案。比如:

  Arecent survey found that in British secondary schools,

  Athere was more bullying than had previously been the case.

  Bthere was less bullying than in primary schools.

  Ccases of persistent bullying were very common.

  Dindirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

  我们看到原文,其中有一句话是:There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying. 通过这句话,我们可以明显地判断出,C项的含义与原文是矛盾的。very common和one in twenty-five的比例是明显不符的。因此,C选项就是一个错误的干扰项,我们可以确定地排除答案是C项的可能性。

  雅思备考:易混淆的关联词

  ①表示举例

  acase in point, after all, as an proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, specifically, to illustrate, to demonstrate

  ②表示增补

  additionally, along with, also, as well as, besides, equally, even, furthermore, in addition, just as, moreover, not only…but also…, what’s more

  ③表示强调

  above all, as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, most important, obviously, to be sure, truly, undoubtedly, without doubt

  ④表示比较

  by comparison, equally, equally important, in comparison, in the same way, in the same manner, likewise, similarly

  ⑤表示让步

  admittedly, after all, all the same, although, even so, in spite of, nevertheless

  ⑥表示结果

  accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in this way, so, therefore, thus.

  ⑦表示转折

  although, but, despite, except for, though, however, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise, rather than, though, yet.

  ⑧表示结论

  as has been noted(mentioned, stated), at last, finally, in a word, all in all, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in sum, in summary, to conclude, to sum up , to summarize.

  明白雅思阅读文章的段落结构对于雅思阅读题目的解答帮助非常大,以上就是小编给大家分享的雅思备考相关内容,希望可以给大家在备考的过程中带来帮助。