倒装句分为完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装例如:There be  +主语 + 地点或时间状语;部分倒装例如:only在句首,句子使用部分倒装。

一、完全倒装

完全倒装(Full Inversion),又称“全部倒装”,是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前,此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

1. 将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首加以强调时,其后通常用倒装语序

eg. Around the lake are some apple trees.

      湖的四周有些苹果树。

* 在表语置于句首的倒装结构中,要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致,而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。

2. 以 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away 等方向性副词开头的句子,且句子主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装,当主语为代词,则不用倒装。

eg. Here comes the postman.

      邮递员来了。

3. There be  +主语 + 地点或时间状语

eg. There are some birds singing in the tree.

      一些鸟儿在树上唱歌。
    
      There was a girl stood on the table.

      有一个女孩站在桌上。

二、部分倒装

1.否定词提前

常见的否定词有Not only…but also,Hardly/Scarcely…when,No sooner… than等等。

eg.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

     No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

     Not only you but also I am fond of music.

,neither,nor作部分倒装

eg.Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

      She won't go to that university, neither will I.

在句首

eg. Only in this way can you answer the question.

4.由as, though 引导

eg. Try hard as he will,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

,there引导的部分倒装句中,当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。

eg.  Here we are.