由并列连词连接、含有两个或更多主谓结构的句子叫并列句。并列句的基本句型:简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句并列连词有表示转折对比关系,因果等。

1. 并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。

2. 并列句的基本句型:简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句

3. 并列句的类型:

1) 并列关系(联合关系)。连接词:and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等
例句:I help him and he helps me.
我帮助他,他也帮助我。
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.
我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。
Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice.
我不想与他商量,他也不会征求我的意见。

2) 转折关系。连接词:but, yet, still, while, however, when等
例句:He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.
他失败多次但并没有气馁。
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress.
她学习英语有困难,然后她学习努力,进步很快。

 

3) 选择关系。连接词:or, otherwise or else, either…or
例句:We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.
我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.
或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。

4) 因果关系。连接词:for, so, thus, therefore, and so
例句:We had better stay at home, for it was raining.
我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。
He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.
他学习不努力,因此这次考试不及格。

有时也可不用连词,而用逗号,分号或冒号。如:
Hurry up, it’s getting dark.
快点,天要黑了。
Let’s start early, we have a long way to go.
我们要早动身,因为路很远。

 

注意:

(1) yet和still是连接副词,也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用,但不如and, but, or等强,用了yet或still,前面还可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累,但他仍然要做另一个实验。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早,然而还是没有赶上头班车。

(2) while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照,常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。
I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜欢足球,而我姐姐喜欢篮球。
when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.
We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我们正准备离开,这时蛇移动了。
while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边,并有逗号和第一分句隔开。

(3) for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式,and so比较口语化。

 

专项训练:

1.Some are reading magazines,______ others are playing cards.
A.or B.for C.so D.while

2.We must get up early tomorrow.______ we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.
A.so B.or C.but D.however

3.——I don’t like chicken ______ fish.
——I don’t like chicken,______ I like fish very much.
A.and, and B.and, but C.or, and D.or, but

4.We want ______ high speed ______ good quality.
A.both, and B.either, or C.neither, nor D.not, but also

5.In spring it is ______ hot ______ cold here.
A.both, and B.either, or C.neither, nor D.not only, but

6.______ does he writes well, ______ he also speaks well.
A.Not only, but B.Not, but C.Either, or D.Both, and

7.Use your head, ______ you’ll work it out.
A.so B.or C.and D.for

8.I want to buy the jacket, ______ I have not enough money with me.
A.but B.so C.or D.for

9.______ you ______ I am going to help Tom.
A. Either, or B. Not, but C.Not only, and D.Each, and

10.The soldier was wounded, ______ he pushed on.
A.for B.and C.so D.yet

(后设答案,大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……)

 

KEYS:

1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.D

扩展:

一、表示转折对比关系的并列连词

1. but 但是,可是,而,却

连接两个简单句,有时句中某些词可以省略;连接两个并列成分,可以放在一个句子的句首,后面不接逗号。

例:I hope you don't mind me asking, but where did you buy those shoes?

2. yet 但是;尽管如此

可连接两个句子,用逗号分开,也可在yet前加and,还可以放在一个句子的句首。

例:The car is old, yet it is in good condition. 这辆车旧了,但车况很好。

3. while 而,但是,可是,却

while作连词用时,可表示对比或转折关系。

例:I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.

二、表示因果关系的并列连词

1. for 因为

由并列连词for引导的分句常置于句子后部,而且常用逗号与前面的分句隔开。for分句主要是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因。for分句不能用来回答why问句。

例:I did my best not to show pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, for my words had the power to make people laugh.

2. so 因此

可以连接两个句子,中间有时用逗号隔开;也可在so前加and;还可以放在一个句子的句首。

例:The shop doesn't open until 11 a.m., so it loses a lot of business.

三、表示选择关系的连词or

or连接并列成分时,意为“或者,还是”;用于否定句中,意为“也不”,这时不宜用and;还有“否则,要不然”之意,相当于otherwise。

例:Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we get down to business right away?

四、表示并列关系的并列连词

1. and 和,同,与,又,并且

例:Stand over there and you'll be able to see it better.

2. not only... but also... 不仅……而且

例:Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.

3. neither... nor... 既不……也不

例:They worked neither for fame nor for personal gains. 他们工作一不为名,二不为利。

4. both... and... 既……又

例:A man should have both courage and wisdom. 人既要有勇气又要有智慧。

五、其他并列连词

1. not... but... 不是……而是

It was not the bones of an animal but of a human being. 这不是一只动物的骨头,而是人的骨头。

2. rather than 而不是;与其……宁愿

Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.

3. when 正当那时,相当于and at that time

Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten on the leg by a lion.