英文中的词类(上):名词、动词、助动词、形容词和副词

音频要点:

翻译一个句子“什么叫做快乐?”某同学把它说成是What is happy? 你察觉到了吗?他有什么地方不对?错就错在他把形容词当做动词来用。正确的说法应该是What is happiness?

1. 名词(Nouns)

包括人名,地名,一些抽象的东西、状况、性质等(names of people, places and qualities, ect.)。要注意可数不可数的问题,另外专有名词首字母要大写。比如:

man, desk, time, water, air, happiness, Taipei, Christina, Monday

2. 动词(Verbs)

形容某种动作、状态或者经验(describe actions, states or experience)。比如:

go, walk, study, drink, stand

3. 助动词(Auxiliaries)

助动词后接动词原型,来表示时态、语气等等(used with main verbs to show the tense, mood, etc.)。比如:

do, will, can, may, should, must

例句:He will come back in a minute. 他一会儿就会回来。

I have been to America two times. 我去过美国两次。

You can do it. 你可以做它。

You may do it. 我允许你做它,你可以做它。

You should do it. 你应该做它。

You must do it. 你必须做它。

疑问句时,助动词要放在句子的最前面。Can you do it? Must you do it?

4. 形容词(Adjectives)

修饰名词(describe nouns),比如:

She's a pretty girl.

I have something important to tell you.

5. 副词(Adverbs)

用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子(describe verbs, adj., adv., or a sentence)。比如:

He runs fast. 他跑的快。

He runs very fast. 他跑的非常快。

表示时间:yesterday, tomorrow, two days ago

表示地方:I live in Taipei. I'm here.

表示频率:always, usually, sometimes, often, seldom, never

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