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2016年政府工作报告笔记（2）
数上，而是用
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（02）
灵活。除了用 one of the 结构，还可以用 rank highest on / be on top / be among the best 等说法。 [cn]就业稳，城镇新增就业1322 万人，高于上年。 价格稳，居民消费价格上涨 2%。 “进”的总体特征是，发展的协调性和可持续性增强。[/cn][en]■ Employment remained robust, with 13.22 million new urban jobs created, which is higher than the figure for the previous year. ■ Prices were stable, with the CPI rising by 2%. ■ The underlying feature demonstrating progress is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable.[/en] 稳字再换，这次用的是 robust，还有哪些稳呢？ 立场很稳 have a firm stand 态度很稳 have a sedate attitude 稳住阵脚 maintain one's position; attempt to hold one's ground 十拿九稳 practically certain 稳赢 surely win the game “总体”用的是 underlying，这个词也快成了万金油，可以表示“潜在的”，也可以表示“基本的”、“根本的”，例如 He theorized that the underlying cause of the war was slavery. 他从理论上阐明这次战争的根本原因在于奴隶制度。从政府工作报告这个句子来说，把总体特征理解成基本特征，也可以讲得通。 其他各种总体的说法还有 overall，total，master，例如: 总体规划 master plan，overall plan，总体外交 total diplomacy，总体印象 overall impression，也可以用句子结构体现，例如“总体上很好” It's been good altogether. “可持续性”这里比较常规，中文的各种性，基本上都可以译成形容词。比较滑稽的例子是见过某外企的安全规程，其中 “安全性" 译成了 safety sex，领导还给签了字。 可以借鉴的是“增强”的译法，原文是动词，译文用 better 替换了。这个技巧很多人都知道，不过实际翻译时可能会想不起来，还是要在练习中多实践。
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（45）
特定地点，在降水或融雪的冲刷作用下，通过径流过程而汇入受纳水体（包括河流、湖泊、水库和海湾等）并引起有机污染、水体富营养化或有毒有害等其他形式的污染（陈吉宁，2004）。 [cn]推行环境污染第三方治理。做好环保税立法工作。[/cn][en]We will introduce third party governance in the handling of environmental pollution. We will work on the legislation for environmental protection tax. [/en] 推行 introduce 做好······工作，这里做了很大简化，只是用了work on，当然也可以用更具体的措辞。 [cn]我们一定要严格环境执法，对偷排偷放者出重拳，让其付出沉重的代价;对姑息纵容者严问贵，使其受到应
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（03）
一般的巨浪（巨浪是核心） New type of urbanization 新型城镇化建设（城镇化建设是核心） [cn]中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长 8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过 2%，能耗强度下降 4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。[/cn][en]The central and western regions grew faster in economic terms than the eastern region. The quality of development was raised. Revenue in the general public budgets grew by 8.6%. Research and development spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP. Energy intensity was cut by 4.8%, the biggest reduction made in recent years.[/en] 经济增速，译法和之前中国的发展意义，舍弃所有格，改用 in economic terms，说明偏正短语（····的····）翻译一定要灵活。后面的“一般公共预算收入” 亦同此理：Revenue in the general public budgets 支出，可以记住常用的译法，spending，并不总是都
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（22）
美的一些文件也是这样。连淑能《英汉对比研究》中有一章专门讲过这类问题。短话说长是非常重要的生存技能。写作文、面试或者演讲时大家应该有同感。 不过，这里说的不
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（30）
[cn]深化国企国资改革。准确界定不同国有企业功能，分类推进改革。[/cn][en]We will deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and state capital. We will push forward with targeted reform of SOEs on the basis of having clearly defined their functions.[/en] 国企 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 国资 state capital 准确界定 clearly define 推进 push forward with [cn]加快国有资本投资公司、运营公司试点，打造市场化运作平台，提高国有资本运营效率。[/cn][en]We will move more swiftly in carrying out trials on establishing state capital investment companies and operating companies, create a market-based platform for state capital operations, and improve their performance.[/en] 加快 move more swiftly in ··· 加快也是报告的高频词，共
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（35）
[cn]坚守耕地红线，全面开展永久基本农田划定工作，实施耕地质量保护与提升行动，推进土地整治，增加深松土地 2 亿亩。加强农田水利基本建设，大力发展节水农业。[/cn][en]We will make sure that China’s arable land area does not fall below the red line of 120 million hectares. We will carry out work on designating permanent basic cropland throughout the country, launch
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（33）
调下 work to，全完出现 43 次，很多是用在句子相对短的地方。 维护 uphold 推动·····扩围 work to promote expansion of 信息技术协定 Information Technology Agreement 国际谈判 international talks 政府采购 government procurement [cn]加快实施自贸区战略，尽早签署中韩、中澳自贸协定，加快中日韩自贸区谈判，推动与海合会、以色列等自贸区谈判，力争完成中国——东盟自贸区升级谈判和区域全面经济伙伴关系协定谈判，建设亚太自贸区。[/cn][en]We will move faster to implement the strategy of developing free trade zones, ensuring that agreements on free trade zones with the Republic of Korea and Australia are signed as soon as possible; stepping up negotiations on the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Zone; working for progress in talks on free trade zones with the Gulf Cooperation Council and Israel; endeavoring to complete the talks on upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone and on establishing the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership; and working to build the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Zone. [/en] 海合会 the Gulf Cooperation Council 力争完成 endeavor to complete 推动与······谈判 work for progress in talks with··· 区域全面经济伙伴关系 Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership [cn]推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判。[/cn][en]We will continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union. [/en] [cn]中国是负责任、敢担当的国家，我们愿做互利共赢发展理念的践行者、全球经济体系的建设者、经济全球化的推动者。[/cn][en]As a responsible and enterprising nation, China champions the vision of promoting mutually beneficial development, boosting the global economy, and encouraging economic globalization.[/en] 践行者、建设者、推动者，这里没有用名词，而是用动词，更加生动，可能也比较好翻。汉译英不是字对字堆砌，多用这种句式转化很有必要。 敢担当的 enterprising 理念 vision 互利共赢发展 mutually beneficial development Enterprising 更为人熟知的意思是“有开拓精神的; 有创新精神的” Champion 除了名词冠军，也有多重含义，比如可以表示“捍卫、支持、拥护” He passionately championed the poor. 他曾热情地捍卫穷人。
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（16）
[cn]我们大力推进依法行政，国务院提请全国人大常委会制定修订食品安全法等法律 15 件，制定修订企业信息公示暂行条例等行政法规 38件。[/cn][en]In a major push to advance law-based government administration, the State Council submitted proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) on enacting or revising 15 laws including the Food Safety Law, and formulated or revised 38 sets of administrative regulations including the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Information Disclosure.[/en] 依法行政 law-based government administration 行政法规 administrative regulations 常委会 the Standing Committee 制定修订 enact or revise / formulate or revise 又见大力，这次用的是 a major push 政府很喜欢用“大力”这个词，今年的报告，出现了11次。 ① 大力调整产业结构 We channeled great energy into making adjustments in the structure of industry. ② 我们大力推进依法行政 In a major push to advance law-based government administration ③ 大力盘活存量资金 redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use ④ 大力发展普惠金融 We will channel great energy into developing inclusive finance ⑤ 大力发展节水农业 work hard to develop water-efficient agriculture. ⑥ 大力发展旅游、健康、养老、创意设计等生活和生产服务业 channel great energy into developing tourism, health, elderly care, innovative design, and other better-living and production-related services. ⑦ 大力发展众创空间 We will work hard to develop the right environment for creativity ⑧ 要大力发展风电、光伏发电、生物质能 we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and biomass energy ⑨ 有中央政府一以贯之的大力支持 with the central government continuing its strong support [cn]政务公开深入推进，政府重大决策和政策以多种形式向社会广泛征求意见。完成第三次全国经济普查。改革信访工作制度。[/cn][en]We took thorough steps to increase transparency in government operations, and used multiple means to widely solicit comments from the public on major government decisions and policies. The third national economic census was completed. We reformed the system for handling public complaints made in the form of letters or visits. [/en] 个人感觉后两个小句可以合并，省略一个was，不过译文还是分开说，可能是为了两句意思的独立。 信访制度的译法感觉有些冗长，新闻里经
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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记（29）
最近几篇摘选侧重金融。一般考试不会考得太专业，很多名词中文都不好理解，所以可以酌情积累。不过考试有风格，工作生活使用却没有边界，学有余力还是掌握越多越好。 [cn]推出存款保险制度。推进利率市场化改革，健全中央银行利率调控框架。保持人民币汇率处于合理均衡水平，增强人民币汇率双向浮动弹性。[/cn][en]A deposit insurance system will be established. We will further liberalize interest rates and improve the central bank’s framework
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