过去将来完成时和过去完成时在动作完成的程度上是一致的，都表示过去某段时间已经完成的事情或者完成的一种状态，只是，过去将来完成时长城。 4.By the end of the match, they had kicked 2 goals, and we had kicked 4.比赛结束时，他们踢进了2个球而我们踢进了4个球。 5.When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour. 杰克到达后得知玛丽走了近一个小时了。 6.The news came as no surprise to me. I had known for some time that the factory was going to shut down. 听到这个消息我并不感到吃惊。工厂要倒闭这件事我早就知道了。 7.By the time I left the school, he had taught

完了这本小说。 （3） We have learned over two thousand English words. 我们已经学了二千多个英语单词。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 到上学期末我们已经学了二千多个英语单词。 （4） The bus has already left. 车已经开完成时 句型：have/has+过去分词 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但与现在有关系，即用一个发生在过去走了。 By the time I went outside, the bus had already left. 我到外面去的时候，车已经开走了。 （5） It has already stopped raining. 雨已经停了。 When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.当我醒来时,雨已经停了。

完成时以现在时间为参照点，表示在“现在”以前完成的动作或持续到“现在”的状态； 2. 过去完成时则以过去时间为参照点，表示在“过去完了他的小说。 He had finished writing his novel by the end of last year. 去年年底他就写完他的小说。 He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year. 到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。 与一般现在时代替一般将来时一样，在表示时间或者条件的状语从句，通常要用现在完成时来表示将来完成时，而不能直接使用将来完成时： I will go with you when I have finished my work. 等我完成工作之后我就同你去。 若不强调动作的完成(且不至于引起歧义)，有时也可用一般现在时： I will go with you when I finish my work. 我完成工作后就同你去。

走了。 If he turns it down, he will have lost the moral high ground to the president. 如果他拒绝的话，就会把精神上的优势输给总裁。 If you finish this job as well, you will have done far more than I expected. 假完成时如你将这项工作干完的话，那你会干得比我预料的要多了。 If there was any scandal in that company, you can be sure that Bobby will have clocked it.  那家公司有任何丑闻，博比肯定会知道。   怎么样，看完了这篇文章，大家是不是对将来完成时的用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜欢就赶快收藏起来吧~

过去完成时：表示发生在过去的两个动作在前的那一个，它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本形式：过去完成时由had＋过去分词构成，因此无人称变化 肯定式：I had/I'd worked等 否定式：I had not/hadn't worked等 疑问式：had I worked等 否定疑问式：had I not/hadn't I worked等 时态用法： 1. 过去完成时是与现在完成时相当的过去式： 现在完成时：Ann has just left．If you hurry you’ll catch her.（安刚过去完成时：表示发生在过去的两个动作在前的那一个，它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本形式：过去完成时刚走。如果你快一点，就能追上她。） 过去完成时：When I arrived Ann had just left．（我到的时候，安刚刚离开。） 但是，过去完成时不像现在完成时那样限于表达未指明时间的动作，因此可以说：He had left his case on the 4∶40 train.（他把手提箱丢在4点40分的火车上了。） 2.现在完成时可以和 since/for/always等词连用，表示一个开始于过去并仍在继续或刚刚结束的动： 与此同理，过去完成时也可以用来表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作。 1）在该时刻仍然在继续。 例如：Bill was in uniform when I met him．He had been a soldier for ten years.（我遇到比尔的时候，他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了。） 2）在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。 例如：The old oak tree, which had stood in the churchyard for 300 years, suddenly crashed to the ground．（屹立在教堂墓地上已300百年之久的老橡树突然间哗啦一声巨响倒在地上。） 但应注意，过去完成时还可以用来表示： 3）在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。 例如：He had served in the army for ten years; then he retired and married．（他在军队里服役十年，后来退伍并结了婚。） 3. 过去完成时也是一般过去时的过去时，用来表示叙述者或主语在过去的某一时刻回顾更早的动作：   例如：He met her in Paris in 1977．He had last seen her ten years before．Herhair had been grey then; now it was white．（1977年他在巴黎遇见了她。他上一次见到她是十年之前。那时她的头发是灰白的，这时已经全白了。）

过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情，也可表示过去来看例句； 例如： 1.They had never seen so many of the locusts before. 他们以前从未见过如此多的蝗虫 2.I had reached the station before six o'clock. 六点之前我已到达车站。 好了，通过以上的几个例句，大家是否了解了英语过去完成时中表主句（had done）, before + 过去时间状语的情况呢？ 那么，接下来我们做几道关于英语过去完成时的练习题： 1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been  B. where I had gone    C. where had I been   D. where had I gone  2. What ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever? A. did, do   B.

面的句子试比较： It had rained yesterday. (误) It rained yesterday.(正) 或许你会说：“昨天下了雨，可是今天已放晴了，下雨已是过去的事，而且已经下完了，所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。 1. 由过去的时过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。 2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外，应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。  

行时。[/cn]• I realised I had been working too hard so I decided to have a holiday. • By the time Jane arrived we had been waiting for 3 hours. [en]NOTE[/en][cn]备注[/cn] [en]The most common mistake with the past perfect is to overuse it or to use it simply because we are talking about a time in the distant past.[/en][cn] 最常见的过度使用过去完成时的错误，就是仅仅是用它形容遥远的过去的时间。[/cn]• The Romans had spoken Latin[en]Remember that we only use the past perfect when we want to refer to a past that is earlier than another time in the narrative.[/en][cn]请记住，我们用过去过去完成时只是用它来特指一个早于叙述的过去某时间的时间。[/cn]

过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" 　　 We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3)　过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 　 He said that he had learned some English before. 　 By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 　Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 典型例题　 　 The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.　 A. had written, left　B，were writing, has left　 C. had written, had left　D. were writing, had left 　 答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时   1） 概念：表示过去的过去 ----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此 前一句应用过去进行时。 注意：　had no … when　　　　　还没等…… 就…… 　　　　had no sooner… than　　刚…… 就…… 　 He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.