大家好，距离考试越来越近啦！今天推送选词填空历年真题中反复考到的词语！帮大家快速搞定选词填空，为仔细阅读和长篇阅读腾时间~ 

注：每次四六级考前，小编都会结合最新的考试真题，按考频从高到低精选40几个词语（包括常考用法和真题例句）。你看到的这40几个词，已经结合真题更新过了，老版本不要背了哦~ 

说明：本词表按词频从高到低排列，因选词填空需要标注词性，建议同学把以下单词的各种词性和搭配结构熟记背会！

 

六级选词填空TOP15


able
adj. 易受伤的，脆弱的；易受攻击的

常考结构
be vulnerable to sth/sb 易患某种疾病；易受某事影响的；易遭责难的；易受…诱惑的

The developing brain, the report says, is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be permanent. (2015.12)

报告称，发育中的大脑特别容易受到这些产品可能含有的某些化学物质的毒性影响，并且它们造成的损害可能是永久性的。

ial
n. 潜在性，可能性；潜能
adj. 潜在的

常考结构
potential problem/ danger可能存在的问题/危险

The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a novel
environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any potential danger. (2017.6)

研究人员解释说，该研究表明，当我们处于一个新奇的环境中时，大脑有部分会保持警觉，以便人类能够抵御任何潜在的危险。

have the potential to do sth有潜力做某事

The new drug has the potential to save stroke victims from death. 
这种新药也许能够拯救中风患者的性命。

potential for sth… 可能性；…的潜在性
I believe that everyone has a potential for good. 
我认为每个人都是向善的。


3. eventually
adv. 终于，最后

常考结构:
常放在句子的开头，逗号跟后面的句子隔开。也灵活放在句首或动词前等位置。

The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil prices discourage investment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing rices back up as existing oil fields--which can be tapped at relatively low marginal cost--are depleted. (2017.6)

这种说法背后的原因是低油价阻碍了对新产能的投资，最终使石油供应曲线向下移动并使价格回升，因为现有的可以以相对较低的边际成本开采的油田已经耗尽。


4. simultaneously
adv. 同时地
at the same time

There should be forces in society who should be concerned about the budget, but they shouldn't be functioning simultaneously as doctors. (2015.12)

社会中应该有关注预算的专人，但它们不应该同时扮演医生那样的角色。


ily
adv. 首先；起初，原来；首要地，主要地；根本上

Some math training programs primarily focus on raising students' math scores.(2017.6)

一些数学训练课程主要侧重于提高学生们的数学成绩。


6. predators
n. 捕食性动物；掠夺者

When the water hits the right level, the baby birds are kept safe from predators by a corrosive ditch. （2017.12）

当水位达到合适高度的时候，幼鸟被腐蚀性沟渠保护起来，免受捕食者的追捕。


7. incidentally
adv.  顺便；偶然地
注意：副词通常是选词填空中最好做的，建议先做。一般句中不缺少成分时，或有逗号与主句隔开时，可以直接从选项中以y结尾的词里选出正确答案。

All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices, things and sensors will be
connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that millennials(千禧一代)are expected to make up 75 percent of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home will become a reality for large numbers of people worldwide. (2017.12)

所有的研究都认为，到2020年将有近250亿台设备，物品和传感器连接起来，且到那时千禧一代预计将占总劳动力的75%，全连接的住房将成为全世界众多人的现实。


8. impact
n. 冲击；冲击力；影响
V. 压紧；对…产生影响；冲击

常考结构
pact on/ upon sb/sth 对某人/某事物的强烈的印象或巨大的影响

Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse impact on
performance and can be corrected. (2013.12)

某些原因，例如家庭疾病，可能会对性能产生暂时的不利影响，且随后可以得到纠正。

the impact of …的影响

Charles began urging action on global warming in 1990 and says he's been worried about the impact of man on the environment since he was a teenager. (2014.12)

查尔斯在1990年开始敦促采取行动应对全球变暖，并表示他从青少年时期就一直担心人类对环境的影响。


9. obsess  / obsessed
v. 困扰，使痴迷；念念不忘

adj. 着迷的；无法摆脱的，受困扰的
v. 着迷；纠缠，困扰（obsess 的过去式和过去分词）

常考结构：
be obsessed by/with 总想着，被…困扰

We check email at all hours of the day—we're obsessed. But why? Because that's what the boss wants. (2017.12)

我们每天无时不刻不在check 我们的邮箱—— 我们深受其困扰。但这是为什么呢？因为这是老板们想看到的。


10. legacy / legacies
n. 遗产；遗赠财物；遗留问题；后遗症

常考结构：
a legacy of 一份...财产

Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment.（2019.6）

或许，我对午餐、茶水间闲聊以及关心他人、深入而有意义的对话的期待，是我上次在那种办公环境中留下的后遗症。


11. overwhelming / overwhelmed
adj. 巨大的，压倒性的，无法抗拒的
（overwhelming）
v. 征服，压倒，破坏，使不知所措；覆盖，淹没；打翻（overwhelmed）

常考结构：
the overwhelming majority of people 压倒性多数

Teachers consider learning two languages to be too overwhelming for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations. (2013.12)

教师认为学习两种语言对于贫困家庭的孩子来说压力太大，他们认为孩子已经因家庭环境而负担过重。

be overwhelmed with被…淹没

This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors. (2009.12)

这种趋势导致急诊室被没有常规医生的患者淹没。

be overwhelmed by 被…压倒，击败，制服

Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants. (2011.6)

越来越多的非法移民将使学校不堪重负。


12. determine / determined 
v. （使）下决心，（使）做出决定
vt. 决定，确定；判定，判决；限定
vi. 确定；决定；判决，终止；[主用于法律]了结，终止，结束

adj. 决定了的；坚决的
v. 决定；断定（determine的过去分词）

常考结构：
be determined by 由…所决定

But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents? (2015.6)

但是，为什么美国是发达国家之一，在那里，年轻人的生活前景最明显地取决于他们父母的收入和教育

to be determined 有待决定的

Michael Raynor and Mumtaz Ahmed work for a consultancy, Deloitte, that is determined to turn itself into more of a thought-leader and less a corporate repairman.(2014.12)

迈克尔·雷诺(Michael Raynor)和穆塔兹·艾哈迈德(Mumtaz Ahmed)就职于一家名为德勤(Deloitte)的咨询公司，这家公司决心把自己更多地变成思想领袖，而不是企业修理工。


13. indulge / indulging
v. 使高兴；满足；纵容；（使）沉迷于；参加，参与（尤指违法活动）

常考结构：
indulge in sth. 尽情享受某事物

Guests can indulge in a private barbecue on the deck. 

客人们可以在露天平台上享用私家烤肉野餐。

indulge oneself/sb with sth. 放纵自己/某人

Ripley indulges a popular obsession with international test score comparisons, which show wide and frightening gaps between the United States and other countries. (2014.12)

雷普利痴迷于国际考试成绩对比，这显示出美国和其他国家之间巨大而可怕的差距。


六级选词填空TOP14-22

14. identified  / identify
adj. 经鉴定的；被识别的（identified）
v. 确定；识别，认出；使参与；把…看成一样；认同；一致（identify）

常考结构：
identify sb/sth as sb/sth  确认/认出某人或某物是... 
identify sth with sth  认为某事物与某事物等同

identify oneself with sb/sth  与某人/某事物有关联

The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. (2011.6)

较新的趋势是最早从七年级开始招募贫困和非白人学生，他们使用创新工具来识别具有复杂口头表达能力的孩子。

be identified in 从...中识别出

The researchers believe this is the first time that the "first-night-effect" of different brain states has been identified in humans. (2017.6)

研究人员认为，这是人类第一次发现不同大脑状态的“第一夜效应”。


15. assess / assessed
v. 估价；对…征税；确定…的金额；评价
v. 对…进行评估（assess过去时形式）

常考结构：
assess sb's taxes/income/risk 评定某人的税额/总收入/风险

How can I assess the investment risk of a particular bond issue? (2014.6)

如何评估特定债券发行的投资风险？


16. feature
n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目
vi. 起重要作用
vt.特写；以...为特色；由...主演

常考结构：
main feature 主要特征

It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central features of today's kitchen.（2016.6）

这是现代主义的胜利，许多元素仍然是现代厨房的核心特征。


17. separate/ separated / separately
adj. 分开的；单独的；不同的；各自的；不受影响的
v. （使）分离，分开；隔开；分手；（使）分居；（使）区别（于）
adv. 分别地；分离地；个别地( separately)

常考结构：
separate from 分离 ; 分开 ; 把 ; 分隔开

Civilization, then, is fine-people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills.
(2014.6)

因此，文明是指人们正在智能手机上流畅地使用与实际写作中使用的代码不同的代码，并且没有证据表明发短信会破坏写作技巧。

18. apparently
adv. 显然地；似乎，表面上

According to the researchers, the participants' phones apparently substituted for real friends.（2019.12）

研究者发现，一些人的手机显然代替了他们真正的朋友。

orating / deterioration
v. 退化，恶化（deteriorate的ing形式）
n. 恶化；退化；堕落（deterioration）

常考结构：
environmental deterioration 环境污染
~ (into sth) become worse in quality or condition 变坏; 变质; 恶化 

Leather can deteriorate in damp conditions.
 皮革受潮可变质

The discussion deteriorated into a bitter quarrel. 
这场讨论演变成了激烈的争吵.

Air pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. (2015.6)

世界上许多地方的空气污染正在恶化。


20. exclusive/ exclusively / excluded / exclude
adj. 独有的；排外的；专一的
n. 独家新闻；独家经营的项目；排外者
adv. 唯一地，专有地，排外地；作为唯一的（消息）来源
v. 排除（exclude的过去式和过去分词）；驱逐；拒绝接纳
vt. 排除；排斥；拒绝接纳；逐出

常考结构：
exclusive of 不包括，除...之外
to exclude 排除

That’s the highest percentage of an exclusive economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world. （2017.12）

这是世界上致力于海洋保护的专属经济区所占比例最高的国家。


21. presuming / presumption
v.推测；认定；放肆；假设；无理要求（presume的现在分词）
adj.冒昧的，自以为是的
n. 放肆，傲慢；推测

常考结构：
presuming question 断定性问题
presumption of innocent 无罪推定 

Despite negative stereotypes about sports culture and Ripley’s presumption that academics and athletics are at odds with one another, we believe that the greater body of evidence shows that school-sponsored sports programs appear to benefit students.  (2014.12)

尽管存在对体育文化的负面刻板印象，而且里普利认为学术和体育相互矛盾，但我们相信，更多的证据表明，学校资助的体育项目似乎有利于学生。


22. specification / specifically
n.规格；说明书；详述
adv. 特别地；明确地

常考结构：
more specifically 更具体地说
product specification 产品说明书

By comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your standard laptop in an office anywhere in the world. (2017.12)

相比之下，您可能希望在世界任何地方的办公室电脑上找到这样的技术规范。

fy / simply
vt. 简化；使单纯；使简易
adv.简单地；仅仅；简直；朴素地；坦白地

常考结构：
simplify our lives 简化我们的生活

In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate. Many simply do not want to. （2014.6）
2000年，15岁及以上人口中有四分之一是功能性文盲。许多人根本不想这样做。

/ shrank / shrunk
v. （使）缩小，（使）收缩；（尤指因恐惧而）退缩，畏缩，回避；（衣服、布料）缩水
n. 收缩；畏缩；（非正式）精神病医生，精神病学家，心理学家
v. 收缩（shrink的过去式）；缩小
v. 收缩（shrink的过去分词）

常考结构：
shrink from退避；在...面前退缩

During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither,shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. (2018.6)

在严酷的阳光下没有水分的几个月里，它们会枯萎、收缩、收缩，直到看起来像一堆枯死的灰色树叶。

 

六级选词填空高频TOP25-43


25. underlying
adj. 隐含的，潜在的，根本的
动词原形underlie: 位于…之下，构成…的基础
the cause, idea etc that is the most important, although it is not easily noticed  

常考结构：
underlying cause/principle/problem etc
根本原因/原则/问题等

Yet underlying all of this is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold most of the cards in this confrontation. (2017.12)

然而，隐藏在这一切之下的根源是：苹果、谷歌、脸书和其他公司在这场对抗中占绝大优势。

26. subsequently
adv. 随后；后来= later, afterwards

Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they subsequently retrieve. (2016.12)

许多鸟喜欢为冬天储存食物，随后取回它们。


27. spectators
n. 观众；旁观者（spectator复数）

Thirty thousand spectators watched the final game. 

3万观众观看了那场决赛。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》


28. volunteers
n. 志愿者；志愿兵
v. 自愿

常考结构：
volunteer for/to do sth. 自告奋勇做某事

Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. (2016.6)

他们中的许多人自愿为弱势群体提供社区服务。


um
n. 势头；[物] 动量；动力；冲力

It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent. (2017.12)

这是一场势头稳定的运动：呼吁让研究数据、软件代码和实验方法公开、透明。


30. inquiring
adj. 打听的，爱追根究底的

动词原形inquire
v. 询问，查询；调查

常考结构：
inquire about/into sb./sth.  调查/查问/打听消息

They have inquiring minds, and they aren't afraid to admit they don't know something. (2014.12)

他们有追根究底的思想，且他们并不害怕承认他们不知道什么。

Whenever a customer would inquire about my book, the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it. (2013.6)

每当客户询问我的书时，志愿者会将他们带去货架指给他们看。


31. withdraw
vt. 撤退；收回；撤消；（从银行）取钱，提款；退股
vi. 撤退；离开

常考结构：
withdraw from v. 退出，离开

Some parents who withdraw their children from the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children. (2013.12)

那些为了家庭教育而使孩子退学的父母，其教育背景和正规培训都不足以使他们的孩子接受满意的教育。


sh
vt. 使减少；使变小
vi. 减少，缩小；变小

常考结构：
diminish the power 削弱力量

常用在hopes, supplies, funds等词的后面, 表示“希望逐渐渺茫”, “物资渐渐用完”,“资金渐渐枯竭”。

cuously
adv. 显著地，明显地；超群地，惹人注目地

So this shows negative consequences of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed conspicuously. （2019.12）

因此，这表明即使体重没有明显变化，饮食摄入不良的负面后果也会发生。

nite
adj. 不明确的；无限期的；不定的

The trial was adjourned for an indefinite period. (2014,6)

审判被无限期推迟.

ate
vt. 减轻，缓和

常考结构：
alleviate pain 缓减疼痛

In turn, feeling close to objects can alleviate loneliness.（2019.12)
反过来，接近物体的感觉可以缓解孤独。

ied
adj. 放大的
v. 放大；夸张（magnify的过去分词）

He has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly. (2015.12)

他必须用放大镜才能看得清楚。


37. redundant
adj. 多余的，过剩的；被解雇的，失业的；冗长的，累赘的

In time it should help restrain costs by eliminating redundant tests, preventing drug interactions, and helping doctors find the best treatments. (2016.6)

随着时间的推移，它将有助于通过消除多余的测试、防止药物相互作用和帮助医生找到最好的治疗方法来控制成本。


38. imminent 
adj. 即将来临的；迫近的

常考结构：
imminent danger/threat/death/disaster etc
即将来临的危险/威胁/死亡/灾难等

But there is also time for brief diversions onto bizarre ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index (which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession). (2013.6)

但也有时间把话题暂时转移到怪诞的地方，比如对摩天大楼指数的讨论(该指数认为，摩天大楼建设的繁荣是经济衰退即将来临的绝对迹象)。


39. eradication
n. 消灭，扑灭；根除

The eradication team remained in camp under a tight security lockdown for ten days. 
(NEWYORKER: The Taliban’s Opium War)

消除病毒小组在严密的安全封锁下呆在营地10天。


40. saturated
adj. 饱和的；渗透的；深颜色的
v. 使渗透，使饱和（saturate的过去式）

 While the conversation about young adults staying longer at home is  saturated by talk of laziness, of dependence, of an inability for young people to pull themselves together,  rarely do we talk of the way, in my case at least, my relationship with my parents has  undoubtedly  strengthened the longer we have lived together.(2020.9)

虽然关于年轻人在家呆的时间长了的话题充斥着懒惰、依赖和年轻人无法振作起来，但我们很少谈论如何相处。至少就我而言，随着我们在一起生活的时间越长，我和父母的关系无疑得到了加强。

41. revelation
n. 启示；揭露；出乎意料的事；被揭露的真相

The company's financial problems followed the revelation of a major fraud scandal. (牛津词典)

重大的欺诈丑闻被揭露之后，公司随之出现了财政问题。

ied
adj. 改正的，整流的；精馏过的
v. 调整；矫正；精馏（rectify的过去分词形式）
President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a rectified setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.(2018.6)

亚伯拉罕·林肯总统在南北战争期间颁布了一项修正规定，将感恩节定在11月的最后一个星期四。

on
n. 发挥；运用；努力

After walking for an hour ,she was not sweating , but there was a pleasurable sense of exertion.

走了一个小时后，她没有出汗，但却有一种努力的快感。