16. addition用作名词,意思是“加;增加;加法”。

The children start by learning Chinese and addition. 孩子们从学汉语与加法开始。

There’s no room for additions. 再添置东西就没地方搁了。

addition 的常见搭配:

(1)in addition的意思是“也;另外;此外(还)”,可以用在句子开头,可以用于句末。和besides意思相同,但besides不能用在句尾。

In addition, there was a crop failure in many provinces.此外,许多省份粮食歉收。

The man worked him sixteen hours a day and beat him in addition. 那人让他每天工作16小时,而且还打他。

(2)in addition to的意思是“除了……外(还有)”,可用于句首,也可置于句子后部,相当于 besides, apart from。

In addition to giving him some advice, I gave him thirty dollars. 我向他提出忠告,又给了他30美元。

He can get twenty dollars’ extra income every month in addition to his salary.除工资外,他每月还可得到20美元的收入。

(3)to have an addition (to one’s family)的意思是“生孩子,添人口”。

Recently they had an addition (to their family).最近,他们家新添了一个孩子。

17. link 在此句中用作动词,意为“连接;联系”,常用结构link… to/with意思是“将……和……连接或联系起来”,link up意为“连接或连接起来”;也可用作名词,意为“环;连接;联系;纽带”。

The highway links Shanghai to/with Beijing. 这条公路连接上海和北京。

A railway links up the two towns.这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。

Your story links up with his. 你所说的和他所说得能联系的起来。

A lot of links fitted together form a chain. 许多链环连在一起组成链条。

Old friends are a link with the past. 老朋友是连接往事的纽带。

(1)join指的是任何事物的直接连接,连接的程度可紧可松,还能分开之意。常用结构join…to, join up.

(2)connect指的是通过某种媒介物把事物连接起来,事物的特征还保持,常表示与技术有关的连接和火车、飞机等实行联运。常用结构connect…with/to.

(3)combine着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同目的而结合在一起,结合后原来部分可能仍不改变或失其本性,常用结构combine…with.

(4)unite强调紧密地结成一体,含极难分开之意,常用结构unite…with.

Please join this pole to that one. 请把这根竿子和那根竿子接起来`。

This flight connects with New York one. 这班飞机在纽约可接上另一班机。

We should combine theory with practice. 我们应该理论联系实际。

The two big companies plan to unite. 两家大公司计划联合起来。

18. announce的意思是“通告;发表; 宣布;宣告”,其名词为announcement意为“通告;宣告;通知”。

The captain announced that the plane was going to land. 机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。

He waited for the announcement of the result of the competition with bated breath.

他屏息静气地等待宣布竞赛结果。

19. instruct意思为“命令;指示;嘱咐;吩咐;教导(教授知识或技术);训练”。其名词形式为instructor(教员;教练)和instruction(命令;指示;说明)。

The teacher instructed him to start early. 老师命令他早动身

I've been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.我得到指示在这儿等到讲课老师到来。

He instructs a class in history. 他教授一个班的历史(instruct … in…)

Read the instructions on the pocket. 看一下袋子上的说明。

instruct 指向一个人或一组人传授知识,但并不清楚他们是否学到什么。

teacher是最普通的词,可指或不指学术方面的学习;作不及物动词时,表示教书生涯。

tutor指一学生与一老师的关系,常指课外的一个教师对一个学生的补习工作。

educate指范围更广泛的学术过程,完成比teach更大的结果。

train指使一个人或一组人在某一专门的技能或职业方面达到必要的水平,也可指训练动物。coach指在普通的教育体系之外训练或培养一个人或一组人,常为了通过某项专门的考试。

I taught history for many years. 我教历史好多年了。(是指学术的)

Who taught you to ride a bicycle? 谁教你骑自行车的?(不是指学术的)

He instructed us in English, but some of them made little progress. 他教我们英语,但我们有些人几乎没有进步。

In his spare time, he tutored me in English. 在课余时间,他教我英语。

The writer was educated at a very good school. 这位作家在一所很好的学校里受过教育。

It takes several years to train a doctor. 培养一名医生要花好几年时间。

He coached her for the English examination. 他辅导她英语考试。

20. conclude用作动词,意为“结束;推论;推断”,常用conclude by doing/with sth. 表示“以……而结束”;conclude from 表示“从……推出结论”的意思,to conclude表示“最后”的意思,相当于意思名词短语in conclusion。

He concluded his speech with/by reading a poem. 他朗诵一首诗结束了他的演讲。

What do you conclude from these facts. 从这些事实中你得出什么结论?

The doctor concluded that the patient's disease was cancer. 医生断定病人患的是癌症。

To conclude/in conclusion, I wish you all good health and a long life. 最后,祝大家健康长寿。

draw( arrive at/come to /reach )a conclusion “得出结论”,

jump to a conclusion 意为“草率地得出结论”,conclusion后可接that从句。