2012年上海高考英语听力原文(含音频)【沪江网校】
一、2012上海卷高考英语听力考试趋势分析:
上海高考英语的听力分值为30分,占整个卷面的五分之一,可见其重要性。高考听力的题型有两种:选择题和填空题,只有上海卷的选项是四选一,其余各省试卷均是三个选项,这就增加了听力的难度。题量上,上海是24道,而全国卷是20道,这也增加了听力的难度。从听力内容上看可以分为:短对话、长对话、语篇(短文、独白)。虽然自主命题试卷的听力部分风格各异,题量不同,各题赋分也不同,但所有真题均符合考试大纲的要求,即听力部分主要考察学生在交际语境中是否能够捕捉细节(能获取重要的事实信息),揣摩说话人的弦外之音(能理解话语中隐含意思),归纳对话或语篇的主旨大意,以及对所听内容作出推理判断。即:四大信息的获取能力。具体来说包括:推断话题发生的场景,猜测说话人之间的关系,判断出题者的意图等等。
2012年的上海的英语听力,难度比去年稍有提升,试题设计有坡度和区分度,测试了考生在各种真实语境的应对能力。情境广泛多样,10个短对话包括了旅馆、面试、购物、音乐会、火车站、家庭、饮食、帮助、找工作等日常生活场景,所以掌握一些场景词汇是十分重要的,比如:餐馆场景、邮局场景、图书馆场景、医院场景、Hotel旅馆、银行场景、机场场景、办公场景、电话场景、商店场景等等,沪江网校的2013高考英语【名师专项暑期强化班】的听力专项,其中就有场景专门的词汇梳理。
从听力的考点来看,短对话趋向于对隐含信息和推理判断信息的把握,包括数字计算题、场景猜测题、对话者之间的关系等等。2012年上海卷高考听力第一个语篇是关于领导对员工的信任、第二个语篇是关于加拿大英语的根源;第三个长对话是关于大学选课;最后一个长对话是关于出国留学生活。不过,总体来讲,高考英语听力并不是很难,同学们只要掌握了听取关键信息、掌握一定的听力技巧,是可以在听力部分完胜的!
二、听力丢分的原因:
★ 听力能力的强弱往往和以下原因有关:
1)词汇量(单词、词组)不够,语法结构掌握不牢固;
2)考生本身的语音语调不够准确;
3)平时听得不多,或者只听美式发音或英式发音,对声音信息的解码能力弱;
4)知识面比较狭窄,缺乏很多应有的背景知识;
5)做题技巧出现问题,如没有在放录音之前快速看一下试题或没有记录下一些关键信息(如数字题);
6)心态不好,一道题失利后,纠结太久,造成多米诺骨牌效应;
7)没有检查,造成急急忙忙写下的答案漏洞百出。
★ 而有些人并没有辨音困难,但对一段没有语言难点的英文话语,仍需听很多遍才能理解其思想内容,对于这种情况,听力理解的困难在很大程度上是话语思想意图推理的速度和程度问题。因此对讲话人思想意图的推理是英语听力理解的关键,需要专门训练。
听力考试具有极强的时间效应,听力过程不具备复制性,考生必须学会掌握一定的听力技巧,充分利用宝贵的每一分钟。掌握听力技巧,比如:如何捕获关键信息?如何快速做听力笔记?数字题、建议题、态度观点题、暗示题的解题技巧?等等。数字题要掌握关键词的定位,比如同学们在听到有关于时间、日期、星期、年份、年代、数字、分数、百分数、小数等就要格外留心,迅速记下,因为这些往往是出题的考点。
除此之外,同学们还要经常听例如BBC、VOA等广播节目,利用多媒体等手段,多角度进行听力训练。
随文附上一部分听力速记符号,更多内容,详见课程:2013高考英语【名师专项暑期强化班】。
听力速记:速记符号、缩写形式
常见听力速记符号总结
一、缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:
1.去掉元音 |
wk = week |
wt = weight |
qlty = quality |
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rm = room |
mkt = market |
mgr = manager |
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gd = good |
pl = people |
bldg = building |
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mdl = model |
rcv = receive |
expln = explain |
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tks = thanks |
fnl = final |
mvmt = movement |
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ttl = total |
flt = flight |
bkgd = background |
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pls = please |
cncl = cancel |
msg = message |
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rpt = repeat |
cmp = complete |
cnf = conference |
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trd = trade |
prblm = problem |
gvt =government |
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trf = traffic |
intst = interested |
ncry = necessary |
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2.用撇号代替字母 |
am't = amount |
cont'd = continued |
gov't = government |
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del'y = delivery |
tech'gy = technology |
educat'l = educational |
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3.只保留前几个字母 |
mar = marketing |
esp = especially |
ind = individual |
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cus = customer |
budg = budget |
pres = presentation |
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cli = client |
biol = biology |
info = information |
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subj = subject |
assoc = associate |
chem = chemistry |
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pol = politics |
ins = insurance |
exch = exchange |
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lib = liberal |
max = maximum |
ach = achievement |
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adv = advice |
min = minimum |
intro = introduction |
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tel = telephone |
rep = repetition |
acc = accountant |
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bal = balance |
cond= condition |
disc= discount |
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ord = ordinary |
prod = product |
indiv= individual |
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ref = reference |
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conc =concern/concerning/concerned/concentration |
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4.在缩略词后加s |
chpts = chapters |
custs = customers |
egs = examples |
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5.使用g代表词尾的ing |
ckg = checking |
estg = establishing |
decrg = decreasing |
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pkg = packing |
ff = following |
exptg = experimenting |
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mktg = marketing |
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6.根据发音 |
r = are |
u = you |
ur= your |
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wl = will |
tho = though |
thru = through |
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pc = piece |
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7.标准缩写 |
eg.= example |
UK=United Kingdom |
Ad. = advertisement |
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Co.= company |
e.g. = for example |
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8.其他 |
apt = apartment |
acdg = according |
acpt = accept |
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ads = address |
amt = amount |
apv = approve |
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poss(bl)= possible |
imps= impossible |
cmu= communication |
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incd= include |
posn = position |
quty = quantity |
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regl = regular |
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8.词组的缩写 |
IOU = I owe you |
I/O = In stead of |
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FYR = for your reference |
AMAP= as much/many as possible |
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ASAP= as soon as possible |
IVO= In view of |
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NLT= No later than |
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