1. 这本小说我已读了三遍。
误:I've read the novel the third time.
正:I've read the novel a third time.
析:要表示数量或序数的增加, 在序数词前用不定冠词。又如:He saw a second plane. 他又看到了第二架飞机。

2. 他在公共汽车后面追,并追上了。
误:He ran after the bus, and could catch it.
正:He ran after the bus, and was able to catch it.
析:表示过去特定情况下的能力,可用 was (were) able to 而不能用 could, 不过这种差异在否定句中便不存在了。 如:He ran after the bus but wasn't able to [couldn't] catch it.

3. 他接受过良好的教育。
误:He accepted a good education.
正:He received a good education.
析:虽然在通常情况下,accept=接受,receive=收到,但并不是说汉语中所有的"接受"都可用 accept 来对译。

4. 他做这事是偶然的,还是故意的?
误:Did he do it on accident or by purpose?
正:Did he do it by accident or on purpose?
析:by accident 是习语,表示"偶然地";on purpose 也是习语,表示"故意地",注意两者介词的搭配不能混淆。

5. 你怎么解释事故的原因?
误:How can you account the accident?
正:How can you account for the accident?
析:account 用作动词时,表示"认为",是及物动词;表示"解释""说明"等,是不及物动词,若需后接宾语,通常借助介词 for。

6. 不要杞人忧天。
误:Don't across the bridge until you come to it.
正:Don't cross the bridge until you come to it.
正:Don't walk across the bridge until you come to it.
析:across 是介词或副词(不是动词),cross 是动词。,

7. 你要想卖掉你的产品,你就得为此登广告。
误:If you want to sell your product you must advertise for it.
正:If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.
析:advertise for sth (sb) 意为"登广告征求或寻找某物或某人"(此时 advertise 是不及物动词);若要表示"为......登广告"或"登广告宣传......",advertise 是及物动词,其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语。

8. 他建议我同他们一起去。
误:He advised me going with them.
正:He advised me to go with them.
析:advise(建议)之后不能用不定式作宾语,但可接不定式的复合结构作宾语。注意这类句型的被动语态:You would be well advised to stay indoors. 你最好呆在家里。

9. 气候变化会影响你的健康。
误:The change in climate will effect your health.
正:The change in climate will affect your health.
析:affect 和 effect 两者都可以表示"影响",但用作此义时,affect 是动词,而 effect 是名词。虽然是动词,而 effect有时也用作动词,但它不表示"影响",而表示"实现""产生"等。

10. 这些方法适用于英语学习。
误:These methods apply to learn English.
误:These methods apply for learning English.
正:These methods apply to learning English.
析:apply 表示"适用",通常为不及物动词,要表示"适用于......",通常用介词 to,不用 for。另外,因 to 是介词,所以其后接动词时用动名词。