单项填空做题技巧——还原法
单项填空做题技巧——还原法
高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂，改写为一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题，我们可以反其道而行之，把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构，这样题目就会变得简单，答案就会一目了然，具体来说，可采用以下几种方法：
一、将倒装句改成陈述句
由于倒装句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。。如：Who did the teacher _______ an article for the school newspaper?
A. has write B. has written C. have write D. have written
【分析】把本题题干改成陈述句，则应是： The teacher had who write an article for the school newspaper. 这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为C。测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用省去to 的宾语补足语用省去的动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作。
二、将陈述句改为倒装句
我们首次接触时是一个倒装句，而命题者恰恰是有意地使用陈述句来命题。如：We had _______ left home than it began to rain
A. no sooner B. hardly C. almost D. nearly
nearly【分析】no sooner...than是一个大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知识点时，命题者却使用了一个陈述句。如果把题干改成：_______ had we left home than it began to rain，这道题的答案A也就变得十分清楚了。
三、将从句或插入语去掉
命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单。如：The person we spoke to ___no answer at first.A. make B .making C. makes D. made分析；可以看出we spoke to是一个定语从句。将其去掉后，我们就会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词。故本题选用D。
四、将被动句改为主动句由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。
如：Time should be made good use of ________our lessons well.A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns
【分析】将题干改写为主动句则：We should make good use of time _______our lesson well。可以发现介词of有其相应的宾语，其后不能再用动名词做宾语，应选不定式做目的状语。答案是C。
五、将省略句改为完整的句子
省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选择合适的答案。如：—How long has China been open to the world? —_______1979.A. After B. In C. Since D. From
【分析】将答语部分改为一个完整的句子：China has been open to the world since 1979. 在所给的选项中只有since能和现在完成时连用。故答案为C。。
六、将强调句的it be和that去掉还原成一个单句
It was in the small house _______ was built with stone by his father _______ he spent his childhood.A. which , that B. that , which , which D. that ,where
【分析】可将题干还原成一个陈述句:He spent his childhood in the small house which was built with stone by his father. 故答案为A。
七、将疑问句还原为陈述句
Is this book _______ you have been looking for all the time﹖A. that B. one C. the one D. it
【分析】首先把疑问句还原成陈述句，题干即为This book is _______ you have been looking for all the time.首先把疑问句还原成陈述句，题干即为