( C )

Today is National Bike-to-Work Day. And on New York City’s jammed streets, people are cycling on hundreds of miles of new bike lanes. But New York’s widespread efforts to make streets safer for bikes have also left some locals complaining about the loss of parking spots and lanes for cars.
When the weather is good, Aaron Naparstek likes to pedal（用踏板踩）his two young kids to school on a special Dutch-made bicycle. Naparstek supports the new lane.

Aaron: The bike lane on Prospect Park West is really introducing a lot of new people to the idea that it’s possible to use a bike in New York City for transportation or to travel around. This is what 21st century New York City looks like.
Prospect Park West is still a one-way road, but where it used to have three lanes of car traffic, now it has two, plus a protected bike lane. Supporters say that makes the road safer for everyone, including pedestrians, by slowing down cars and taking bikes off the sidewalk. But some longtime residents disagree. Lois Carswell is president of a group called Seniors for Safety. She says the two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents who are used to one-way traffic.

Lois: We wanted a lane — the right kind of lane that would keep everybody safe, that would keep the bikers safe. But we want it to be done the right way. And it has not been done the right way.
Craig Palmer builds bars and restaurants in Manhattan. I was interviewing him for a different story when he brought up the bike lanes all on his own.

Craig: I think the biggest problem is that Bloomberg put all these bike lanes in. You took what used to be a full street and you’re shrinking it.
Then there are the Hasidic Jews in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, who forced the city to remove a bike lane through their neighborhood. But polls show that the majority of New Yorkers support bike lanes by a margin of 56% to 39%. Bicycle advocate Caroline Samponaro of Transportation Alternatives calls that a mandate.

Caroline: If this was an election, we would have already had our victory. The public has spoken and they keep speaking. And I think, more importantly, the public is starting to vote with their pedals.

72. What does Aaron mean by saying “This is what 21st century New York City looks like.”?

A. There are hundreds of miles of new bike lanes in 21 st century New York City.

B. Drivers slow down their cars and bikes are taken off the sidewalk in New York.

C. Bikes are used as a means of transport in 21 st century New York City.

D. It’s possible to make the streets safe for pedestrians in New York.

73. According to the passage, which of the following CANNOT support the opponents of these new bike lanes?

A. Drivers lose parking spots and lanes for cars.

B. The two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents.

C. We took what used to be a full street so the road is broader than before.

D. The removal of one bike lane through a neighbourhood in Brooklyn was not supported by the majority of New Yorkers.

74. “A mandate” in Paragraph 8 was referred to a demand or command from ______.

A. the authority B. the public C. the supporters D. the government

75. What of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Ride on National Bike-to-Work Day

B. A New Bike Lane Appears in New York

C. A Bike Lane Divides New Yorkers

D. Who Wins an Election  

Section C

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. 

5 Golden Lessons from Steve Jobs

76.

The only limit of innovation is your imagination. Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower. It’s time for you to begin thinking out of the box. If you are involved in a growing industry, think of ways to become more efficient, more customer-friendly, and easier to do business with. And remember that procrastination is not an option here. Start innovating now!

77.

Do what you love. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. Seek out an occupation that gives you a sense of meaning, direction and satisfaction in life. It not only contributes to health and longevity, but also makes you feel better in difficult times. Do you jump out of bed on Monday mornings and look forward to the work week? If the answer is “no”, keep looking, you’ll know when you find it.

78.

There’s a phrase in Buddhism, “Beginner’s mind.” It is the kind of mind that can see things as they are, which step by step and in a flash can realize the original nature of everything. Beginner’s mind is Zen practice in action. It is the mind that is innocent of preconceptions and expectations, judgments and prejudices. Think of beginner’s mind as the mind that faces life like a small child, full of curiosity and wonder and amazement.

79.

I’m the only person I know that’s lost a quarter of a billion dollars in one year. It’s very character-building. Don’t equate making mistakes with being a mistake. There is no such thing as a successful person who has not failed or made mistakes, there are successful people who made mistakes and changed their lives or performance in response to them, and so got it right the next time. They viewed mistakes as warnings rather than signs of hopeless inadequacy. Never making a mistake means never living life to the full.

80.

Don’t be trapped by the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of other’s opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. No doubt, it’s your life and you have every right to spend it in your own individual way without any hurdles or barriers from others. Give yourself a chance to live a life that YOU choose and be your own boss in a fear-free and pressure-free climate. So go ahead, give them a try.

Section D

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Durban, South Africa (CNN) — Coal is the new gold in South Africa — it’s also one of the worst polluters on the planet.

South Africa is the world’s fourth largest coal exporter with over 40 billion tons of the fossil fuel in storage. But the host of the United Nations Climate Change Conference, currently taking place in Durban, is under increasing pressure to reduce its dependence on coal.

From South Africa to America, Europe to China, coal is the bedrock on which most world economies have been built. Reducing its use, many countries argue, will reduce productivity and growth. Even though the government is talking nicely about climate change we are not seeing the action.
Developed countries have promised to contribute $100 billion towards a Green Climate Fund to finance developing nations to reduce their carbon release. But many fear these funds may never become reality.

Complicating matters even more is the argument around whether all the world’s developing countries should be entitled to the fund.
In the meantime, with more power stations either being built or planned, South Africa’s coal mining industry is likely to continue to grow. Europe has been South Africa’s main coal export market, but orders from India and China have rapidly grown in recent years. Still, it is domestic demand that drives the industry: Over 90% of South Africa’s electricity is generated from coal.

“This country has been mining coal since the 1860,” said Melita Steele of Greenpeace. “It has formed the backbone of the economy and it’s what Eskom knows. Less than 1% of this country’s energy is green which is a sorry tale.”

Several targets to create electricity from waste are already underway. Government says it has plans to use more sustainable energy. However, these ambitious promises may go up in smoke if the world fails to reach an agreement in Durban.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)

81. Though it is commonly thought to be one of the worst polluters, coal is considered _________ in South Africa.

82. __________ have(has) been the dominant South Africa’s coal market(s).

83. What ill effect may occur with the reduction of coal use?

84. How else can South Africa produce electricity to save itself from coal addiction?