Passage 4  (2010·上海卷)  完形填空

The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___50___.

What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.

When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. ___52___ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___53___ some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.

When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___54___ to your evolving purpose, or to include ___55___ ideas or newly discovered information.

Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___56___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___57___. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows ___58___. Always make time to become your own ___59___and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___60___ new ideas.

Revising involves ___61___ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___62___ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the ___63___ that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many ___64___ details that may confuse readers?

50. A. technique       B. style           C. process         D. career

51. A. in particular     B. as a result       C. for example     D. in other words

52. A. undergone       B. skipped        C. rejected         D. replaced

53. A. rewrote         B. released        C. recorded         D. reserved

54. A. addition         B. response       C. opposition        D. contrast

55. A. fixed           B. ambitious      C. familiar           D. fresh

56. A. However        B. Moreover      C. Instead           D. Therefore

57. A. discuss          B. switch         C. exhaust          D. cover

58. A. drafting         B. rearranging      C. performing      D. training

59. A. director         B. master          C. audience        D. visitor

60. A. personal         B. valuable        C. basic           D. delicate

61. A. mixing          B. weakening       C. maintaining     D. assessing

62. A. amazing         B. bright           C. unique         D. clear

63. A. angles          B. evidence         C. information     D. hints

64. A. unnecessary     B. uninteresting      C. concrete        D. final

【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。
50.答案：C
考点：本题考查名词辨析
解析：参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和“However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。名词technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。本题难度适中。

51.答案：D
考点：本题考查介词短语辨析
解析：前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in other words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in particular（尤其、特别表强调）、as a result（因此，表结果）、for example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。本题难度适中。

52.答案：A
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：动词skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”对应。本题难度适中。

53.答案：A
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：动词release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。本题难度适中。

54.答案：B
考点：本题考查介词短语辨析
解析：介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除…之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与...的意见相反”，in contrast to表示“与...形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to（作为对┄的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”本题难。

55.答案：D
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。本题难度适中。

56.答案：B
考点：本题考查副词辨析
解析：副词Moreover（而且）类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。本题难度适中。

57.答案：B
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：switch topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。本题难度适中。

58.答案：D
考点：本题考查动名词辨析
解析：名词drafting（起草）、rearranging（重新安排）、performing（表演）都与题意不符。名词training.（培训）在本句表示“排练”，与上文dress rehearsals / tryouts同义。本题难。

59.答案：C
考点：本题考查名词辨析
解析：名词audience（观众）与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。

60.答案：B
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。

61.答案：A
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。本题难。

62.答案：D
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。

63.答案：C
考点：本题考查名词辨析
解析：后句名称facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与上句newly discovered information对应。本题难度适中。

64.答案：A
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：形容词unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。
形容词uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。本题难。