6.forbid vt. (forbade/forbad, forbidden) 禁止;反对

forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事

forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事

forbid that... 禁止……(从句中常用“should+动词原形”)

forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事

[即学即练6](1)Our school ______________________________.

我们学校不允许学生吸烟。

(2)Smoking should __________________ public places.

公共场所应该禁止吸烟。

forbids students to smoke    ,       be forbidden in 

(3)His parents __________________.

他的父母不准他喝酒。

forbid him wine

提示:forbid 后不能直接跟动词不定式做宾语,而是跟动名词做宾语,也可用 forbid sb. to do sth. 形式,有类似用

法的单词还有 allow, permit, advise 等。

7.owe vt.欠(钱、物、债等);应当给予

(1)owe sb. sth.或owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物

owe...to... 把……归功于……

owe it to sb. that...多亏某人帮忙

(2)owing to=because of“因为,由于”,后接名词、

代词、动名词做宾语,构成介词短语,表原因。

[即学即练7](1)Don’t forget you still ______ 150 yuan to the wine shop.

别忘了,你还欠酒店150元钱呢。

(2)He ______ his success to hard work and practice.

他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。

owe   ,     owes

(3)If I have improved in any way, I ______ it all to my teacher.

如果说我有一些进步,这应该全部归功于我的老师。

(4)You ______ me an apology.

你得向我道歉。

(5)We should do the duty which we ______ to our country.

我们应对国家尽我们应尽的义务。

owe   ,       owe    ,    owe

(6)I ______ it to you that I finished my work in time.

多亏你帮忙,我才及时完成了工作。

(7)_________ to the rain, they could not come.

由于下雨,他们不能来了。

owe    ,    Owing

8.bother vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰;令人烦恼的事或人

bother with/about sth. 花费时间或精力(做某事)

bother sb. about/with sth. 使某人烦恼,不安

It bothers sb. that.../to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是……

bother to do/doing sth. 操心做某事

[即学即练8](1)Don't _________ Mary while she's reading.

玛丽读书的时候不要打扰她。

(2)I don't want to _________ you ______ my problems.

我不想让你因为我的问题而烦心。

(3)Don't ____________________ that trifling matter.

别为那件小事烦恼。

bother       ,     bother    ,     with     ,      bother about

9.strike vt. & vi.打,撞击,冲击,罢工,打动,划燃,侵袭,突然想起 n.罢工,打击

be struck with(by)为……所侵袭;为……所触动(感动)

It strikes me that...我觉得……;我的印象是……

strike a match划火柴

strike on/upon打在……上;撞到……上

be on strike举行罢工

go on strike实行罢工

[即学即练9](1)The workers ____________/____________ because they wanted more money.

工人们在罢工,因为他们要求增加工资。

(2)When the clock ____________, the strike started.

当钟敲响了五点,罢工开始了。

were striking    ,       on strike    ,    struck five

(3)The match ____________ because of the moisture of the air.

由于空气潮湿,火柴划不着。

(4)________________________ none of them trusts each other.

他们当中没有一个人信赖对方这使我震惊。

won’t strike  ,   It strikes me that

(5)Great damage has been caused by the tornado which ______ the area last week.

上周侵袭这一地区的龙卷风造成了巨大的损失。

struck

10.resist v. 忍住;顶住;抵御;反抗

resistance n. 反抗

resistant adj. 抵抗的;耐……的

resist sth. 抵制、阻挡某事

resist doing sth. 反对做某事

can‘t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事

be resistant to 对……有抵抗力

[即学即练10](1)The river banks could not________________________.

河堤抵不住水压。

(2)A healthy diet should help your body ___________.

健康饮食有助于身体抵抗感染。

(3)I could hardly ____________.

我忍不住笑了起来。

resist the water pressure  ,     resist infection ,      resist laughing

11.pay off 得到好结果;取得成功;还清

pay money for sth. 付钱买……

pay for sth. 买……

pay back 还钱,报复

pay out 付出大笔款项;放松

pay up 付清欠款

[即学即练11](1)They ____________ their debt after ten years.

十年后他们还清了债务。

(2)Two hundred workers have __________________.

200名工人已被结清工资了。

(3)They took a hell of a risk but it ____________.

他们冒了很大的风险,但事情成功了。

paid off ,     been paid off   ,      paid off

12.in favour of 赞成;支持

in favour 赞同;流行;得宠

in favour with sb. 受某人支持

in sb.‘s favour 对某人有利

out of favour 失宠;不流行

do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙

do sb. the favour to do sth. 帮某人做……

owe sb. a favour 欠某人情

[即学即练12](1)Are you __________________ cloning or __________ cloning?

你是支持还是反对克隆(技术)?

(2)There were 247 votes _________________ the plan and 152 against.

有247票同意这个计划,152票反对。

in favour of    ,     against  ,    in favour of

(3)She‘s not __________________ the media just now.

目前她没有媒体的捧场。

(4)The exchange rate is __________________ at the moment.

目前汇率对我们有利。

(5)Could you ________________________ and pick up Sam from school?

你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗?

in favour with  ,      in our favour    ,     do me a favour

13.be bound to 一定;注定

bound v. 跳跃;限制;形成……的界线

n. 跳跃;界线,范围

adj. 必然的,一定的;准备到……去的

be bound to sth. 被束缚于某物;被绑在某物上

be bound to do sth. 一定会、有义务去做某事

be bound (for...) 准备(去……)

be bound up in 热心于,忙于

be bound up with 与……有密切关系

I'll be bound... 我确信……

[即学即练13](1)It‘s __________________ sunny again tomorrow.

明天肯定又是阳光灿烂。

(2)We _________________ obey the law.

我们有义务遵守法律。

(bound to be    ,       are bound to

(3)The plane __________________ New York.

这架飞机是飞往纽约的。

(4)He's too _________________ his work to have much time for his children.

他工作太忙,没有时间多陪孩子们。

is bound for    ,      bound up in

14.in good/bad condition 状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)

be in good condition(=be in a good state)

(人)健康状况好;(东西)保存/保养得好

out of/in bad condition(人)身体不适;(物)保养得不好

working/living conditions工作/生活条件

in difficult conditions在困难的条件下

on condition that...(相当于so long as或if)只要

on this/that condition在这种/那种条件下

economic conditions经济形势

in/under favourable conditions在有利的形势下

[即学即练14](1)The car is still _________________.

这车状况仍然良好。

(2)The miners there worked __________________.

那里的矿工们在极其恶劣的环境中工作。

in good condition    ,    in dreadful conditions

(3)You must _________________ tell him what has happened.

你无论在什么情况下都不可告诉他所发生的事。

(4)I’ll do it __________________ you pay for everything.

我可以做此事,条件是你得支付一切费用。

on no condition

on condition that