选修8　Unit 1　A land of diversity

要 点 梳 理 高效梳理•知识备考

●重点单词

1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著

2．means n．手段；方法

3．majority n．大多数；大半→minority n．少数

4．despite prep.尽管；不管

5．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举

6．percentage n．百分比；百分率

7．boom n．(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期

8．applicant n．申请人→apply v．申请→application n．申请

9．customs n．海关；关税；进口税

10．occur vi.发生；出现

11．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象→indicator n．指示器，指示物

12．luggage n．行李

13．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.明显地

14．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n．滑动；滑倒

15．hire vt. & n．租用，雇用

16．nowhere adv.无处；到处都无

17．punishment n．处罚；惩罚→punish v．惩罚；处罚

18．justice n．正义；公平→injustice(反义词)

●重点短语

1．live on　 　继续存在；继续生存

2．by means of... 用……办法；借助……

3．make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等

4．keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)

5．back to back 背靠背

6．team up with 与……合作或一起工作

7．mark out 画线；标出……界线

8．take in 包括；吸收

9．a great/good many 许多；很多

10．apply for 申请；请示得到

●重点句型

1．However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。

2．Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.

二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海。

3．That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。

4．Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.

虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。

5．It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体。