5.congratulate vt. 祝贺;庆贺

congratulation n. 祝贺,恭喜

congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事

congratulate oneself on sth. 感到自豪;暗自庆幸

congratulations to sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事

Congratulations! (口语)祝贺你!

offer sb. congratulations on... 向某人祝贺某事

[即学即练5](1)I want to _____________ you ______ all my heart ______ your passing the college entrance examination.

我衷心地祝贺你通过高考。

(2)Well, ________________________ that you resisted the temptation.

嗨!庆幸你抵住了诱惑。

congratulate   ,   with   ,   on   ,   congratulate yourself

(3)___________________ you ______ winning the prize!

祝贺你获奖!

Congratulations to   ,    on

6.access n. (接近的)方法;通道;可接近性

accessible adj. 可接近的;可进入的;可使用的

be easy/hard of access 容易/难接近

have/gain/get/obtain access to 得以接近,得以会见, 得以进入,得以使用

give access to 接见,准许出入

be accessible to 能接近……,可使用……

[即学即练6](1)Only a few people _________________ the full facts of the case.

只有少数几个人能看到有关该案的全部事实的材料。

(2)The only ____________ their house is along that narrow road.

只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。

have access to   ,   access to

(3)A manager should __________________ his staff.

一个管理人员应该让职员感到平易近人。

(4)The village is not __________________.

那个村子汽车无法抵达。

be accessible to   ,     accessible by car

7. in other words 换句话说

in a/one word 简言之;总之

in so many words 明确地;直截了当地

word for word 逐字地

break one‘s word 失信、食言

keep one’s word 遵守诺言

give sb. one‘s word 对某人许下诺言

have a word with sb. 与某人说句话

have words with sb. 与某人争吵

[即学即练7](1)Beethoven wrote many world-famous musical compositions. __________________, he was a great musician.

贝多芬写过许多世界著名的乐曲。换句话讲,他是一位伟大的音乐家。

In other words 

(2)Be careful! Curt often doesn’t __________________.

小心点儿!科特经常不遵守他的诺言。

(3)__________________, we must try our best to do the work.

总之,我们必须尽最大努力来做这项工作。

keep his word   ,   In a word

(4)Would you like to _______________________ me?

你想跟我谈一谈吗?

have a word with

8.out of breath上气不接下气

catch/hold one’s breath屏息

lose one’s breath喘不过气来

out of sight看不见

out of cash钱用光了

out of control失控

out of date过期

out of fashion不再流行

out of order出毛病

out of work失业

out of patience不能忍受

out of question没问题;无疑;毫无疑问

out of the question不可能的;办不到的

[即学即练8](1)I was __________________ after running for the bus.

我因为追公共汽车,累得上气不接下气。

(2)He ran _________________ by then.

那时他跑得喘不过气来。

out of breath    ,    out of breath

(3)Some popular songs go _________________ soon.

有些流行歌曲很快就不再流行了。

(4)This medicine is __________________.

这药已过期了。

(5)You can’t go to the wedding party in that old shirt-it’s quite ________________________.

你不能穿着那件旧衬衣去参加婚礼——这是绝对不行的。

out of fashion   ,   out of date   ,    out of the question

9.make fun of 取笑

have fun (doing sth.) (在做某事中)获得乐趣

get fun out of doing sth. 通过做某事获得乐趣

for/in fun 闹着玩;开玩笑

be full of fun 很顽皮;很爱开玩笑

It‘s fun to do sth. 做某事很有趣。

There’s (no) fun in/doing sth. 做某事(没)有趣。

[即学即练9](1)People __________________ her because she wears such a strange hat.

人们取笑她,因为她戴了一顶这么奇怪的帽子。

(2)It‘s wrong of the other children to __________________ you.

其他孩子取笑你是错误的。

(3)We _____________________________ at the party.

我们在聚会中玩得很痛快。

make fun of   ,   make fun of   ,    had a lot of fun

(4)Children ________________________ dressing in old people’s clothes.

孩子们穿着大人的衣服嬉闹,感到很好玩。

(5)The little dog‘s _________________.

那只小狗很顽皮。

get fun out of    ,    full of fun