Ⅱ.重点句型详解

1.There are various reasons why people write poetry.

人们写诗有各种各样的理由。

reason why...。reason 的意思是“原因,理由”,后面的定语从句常用 why和 that, which 引导,后接同位语从句时要用 that引导,对 reason 的内容进行说明或解释,要注意它们所使用的场合。

①The reason why he failed the English exam was that he didn't learn it well.

他英语考试不及格的原因是他没学好。(why在定语从句中做状语)

②I don't believe the reason that/ which you gave me.

我不相信你给我的理由。(that和 which在定语从句中做 gave的宾语)

③We are not going for the simple reason that we can't afford it.

我们不去,原因很简单:我们负担不起。(that 引导同位语从句)

拓展:(1)That is why... 那就是……的原因。(强调结果)

(2)This is because... 这是因为……(强调原因)

(3)在 the reason why...is/was that 结构中,一般用 that 引导表语从句,而不用 because.

[即境活用1](2008•四川模拟)The reason for his success is ______ he worked very hard.

A.why       B.that        C.because        D.for

解析:考查 the reason 的表语从句,由 that 引导。

答案:B

2.Some rhyme(like B) while others do not(like C).

有些诗押韵(像B),但也有些不是这样(像C)。

while的用法归纳:

(1)while 用做并列连词,构成并列句,意为“然而,但是”,相当于 and/but, 强调前后两种情况的对比或转折,此时while 一般位于句中。

(2)while 用做从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候;和……同时”,此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生,从句谓语通常是延续性动词。

(3)while 引导让步状语从句,常放在句首,意为“尽管”“虽然”,比 although或 though 语气要轻。

(4)while 引导条件状语从句,意为“只要”,其意思和用法相当于 as long 可位于句首,也可位于句中。

(5)while 引导从句时,如果主从句的主语一致,且从句谓语又含有 be,则从句主语和 be可以省略。while 后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。

①You like sports, while I prefer music.

你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。

②I was reading the book while you were talking to me.

你对我说话的时候,我正在看书。

③While it is very cold today, we decide to go out for a walk.

尽管今天天气很冷,我们还是决定出去走走。

④While a spark of life remains, it is a doctor‘s duty to save the patient.

只要病人还有一线生机,医生就有责任抢救。

⑤You have to be very careful while (you are) driving.

你开车时必须很小心。

提示:while 引导时间状语从句时,指一段时间,不用来表示时间点;when引导时间状语从句时,既指时间段,也指时间点。如:

①When/While I was in middle school, I liked English very much.我上中学时非常喜欢英语。

②When he entered, I was watching TV. (不能用 while)当他进来时我正在看电视。

[即境活用2](1)(2008年四川非延考区)In some places women are expected to earn money ______ men work at home and raise their children.

A.but   B.while       C.because         D.though

解析:while 在此句中意为“然而”,表对比。

答案:B

(2)(2008•湖南卷)______the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.

A.If         B.While        C.Because         D.As

答案:B

解析:while 引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”。

(3)(2008•上海卷)—Are you ready for Spain?

—Yes, I want the girls to experience that ______ they are young.

A.while        B.until        C.if          D.before

解析:while 引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”。

答案:A