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Brains Built To Cooperate

We are social animals. So you might assume our brains are built to excel when we cooperate with each other, as opposed to when we function in isolation. Now research with another animal supports that notion.
我们人类是社会群体。因此你可能会认为我们的大脑在相互合作的时候能够表现优异，而不同于我们独立做事的时候。现在，在其他动物上的研究支持了这样一个观点。

Plain-tailed wrens in Ecuador are famous for duets between males and females. While their song is done cooperatively, with the male and female singing alternate syllables, it sounds surprisingly like one bird singing solo. Scientists who have recorded and analyzed hundreds of such songs decided to capture some of the birds to monitor the brain regions responsible for singing. They anticipated that the birds’ neurons would respond strongest to their own individual voice. But that’s not what happened.
在厄瓜多尔的平尾鹪鹩以雌雄间的二重唱而著称。当他们合作唱歌时，雌鹪鹩和雄鹪鹩交替的唱着各个音节，这样的听觉效果惊奇的就像是一只鸟的独唱。已经记录 和分析了上百首这样歌曲的科学家们决定抓获一些这种鸟来检测它们大脑区域中掌控唱歌的部分。他们期待的是这些鸟的神经细胞对它们各自的声音的反应最强烈。 但事实并非如此。

They found that the birds’ neurons reacted far more strongly to the duet than when they sang their parts alone. The research is in the journal Science.
他们发现这些鸟在他们二重唱时候的神经细胞比单独唱自己部分的时的神经细胞反应要强的多。这项研究在《科学》杂志中。

That’s fine for Ecuadorian birds but what about us humans? Well, vertebrate animals all have similar neurotransmitter systems and the brain is organized in much of the same way—so the paper’s authors hold that there is relevance to the human brain. Or at least to those vertebrates who have a tendency to cooperate in the first place.
这样的结果对厄瓜多尔的鸟类来说没什么，那对我们人类呢？脊椎类动物有类似的神经传输系统，并且大脑的构造方式几乎是同种方式。所以论文的作者认为这和人类的大脑有相关性。或者至少对于那些第一反应是合作倾向的脊椎类动物来说。

—Christie Nicholson

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