据美国广播公司(ABC)27日报道,美国得克萨斯州环境质量委员会发出紧急通知称,该州东南部一个县的供水系统中可能发现“食脑虫”(brain-eating amoeba),并向该州十余个地区发布警告——建议居民不要饮用自来水!

A rare brain-eating amoeba that killed a six-year-old boy has been found in the water supply of a city in southeastern Texas, prompting environmental officials to take steps to flush and disinfect the pipes.

一种少见的食脑虫在德克萨斯州的西南方供水处被发现了,这种虫子已经造成一位6岁男孩的死亡。环境执法人员已经开始冲刷和消毒供水管。

Josiah McIntyre, who had just started elementary school in Lake Jackson, fell ill in the first week of September with a headache and flu-like symptoms. Days later, after a battery of tests, doctors at Texas Children’s Hospital determined that he had been infected by Naegleria fowleri, a microscopic amoeba found in rivers, lakes and hot springs. If ingested through the nose it can cause primary amebic meningoencephalitis, a rare debilitating disease that is usually fatal.

约西亚·麦金太尔,一名在杰克逊湖区刚开始读小学的学生,在九月开学的第一周感到不适和头痛,接着伴随着流感相似的症状。几天后,经过一连串的考试,在德克萨斯州儿童医院的医生诊断出他感染了福氏纳格里阿米巴原虫,一种微型变形虫,这种虫常出现于野生河,湖泊以及热泉中。这种变形虫会通过鼻子进入人体,一旦感染会导致阿米巴性脑膜脑炎,一种少见且致死性的衰弱型疾病。

 

“食脑虫”的学名是“福氏耐格里变形虫”,这种寄生虫能够顺着人的鼻子一直钻到大脑。当它到达大脑时,会引起原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎(简称PAM)。

一旦被“食脑虫”入侵引发感染,死亡率(mortality)超过97%……大多数患有PAM的人医治无效,而且,不幸的是三分之二的患者都是健康儿童...

虽说确诊病例较少,但“食脑虫”带来的风险巨大。据美国疾病控制和预防中心此前数据,自20世纪60年代首次发现这种“食脑虫”以来,美国145名已知确诊病例,其中只有4人幸免于难……