Imagine you are participating in a discussion about ideas. It's not small talk. It's a discussion about how you feel about something important, like your beliefs, politics, who you feel is better for a job, and so on. Using the right phrases and grammar structures can help you express your ideas well. Knowing how to compare and contrast is a particularly useful tool to get your point across in an interesting way.
假设你正在参加一个关于想法的讨论。这不是闲聊。这是一个关于你对一些重要事情的看法的讨论，比如你的信仰，政治，你觉得谁更适合一份工作，等等。使用正确的短语和语法结构可以帮助你很好地表达你的想法。知道如何比较和对比是一个特别有用的工具，让你的观点得到一个有趣的方式。

Words and Short Phrases Used to Compare
用于比较的单词和短语

The following words or short phrases compare two items or ideas:
以下单词或短语比较两个条目或想法：

like/likewise/same as/as well as/also, too/likewise
相似/比如/类似

Here is a short paragraph using some of these expressions:
下面是一个简短的段落，其中使用了以下一些表达式：

Time, like money, is a limited resource. You can't buy everything you want, likewise, you don't have enough time to do everything you want to do. Our time is the same as our money: it's limited. Also, time is a resource when work needs to be done.
时间和金钱一样，是有限的资源。你不能买你想要的一切，同样，你没有足够的时间去做你想做的一切。我们的时间和金钱是一样的：它是有限的。此外，时间是一种资源，当工作需要做。

Words and Short Phrases Used to Contrast
用于对比的单词和短语

The following words or short phrases contrast two items or ideas:
以下单词或短语对比两个项目或想法：

unlike/in contrast to/as opposed to/different from/whereas
不同于

Here is a short paragraph using some of these expressions to contrast:
下面是一个简短的段落，使用其中一些表达式进行对比：

Unlike time or money, desire is an unlimited resource. Think about it: In contrast to money which can run out, your desire for new experiences and ideas will never end. Whereas there is never enough time to do everything you want, your desire will always come up with something new and exciting.
与时间或金钱不同，欲望是一种无限的资源。想一想：与可能花光的钱相比，你对新体验和新想法的渴望永远不会结束。然而从来没有足够的时间去做你想做的一切，你的欲望总是会产生一些新的和令人兴奋的东西。

Forms Used When Comparing Ideas
比较想法时使用的形式

The most important form to use when comparing two ideas is the comparative form. For three or more ideas, use the superlative form.
比较两种观点时最重要的形式是比较形式。对于三个或更多的想法，使用最高级形式。

Comparative Form
比较形式

These sentences use the comparative form to discuss ideas concerning the difficult economy:
这些句子用比较的形式讨论有关困难经济的观点：

Employment issues are more important than political problems at this point in time./Job training is more critical to a sustained well being than food stamps and other welfare programs./Politicians are more worried about reelection than truly improving the economy.
在这个时候，就业问题比政治问题更为重要。/就业培训比食品券和其他福利计划更为重要。/政客们更担心的是连任，而不是真正改善经济。

As ... as
和...一样

A related form to the comparative is the use of "as ... as." The positive form shows something is equal. However, when using "as ... as," do not modify the adjective as in the comparative form.
与比较法相关的一种形式是使用“as...as”这种形式表示某物是相同的。但是，当使用“as...as”不要修改形容词的比较形式。

The loss of manufacturing jobs is as unfortunate as the drop in pay./Spending on education in my state is as high as in some foreign countries like Korea./The negative form shows that something is not equal.
制造业工作岗位的流失和工资的下降一样不幸。/我国的教育支出与韩国等一些外国国家的教育支出一样高。/消极的形式表明有些东西是不平等的。

It isn't as easy as you think.
这不像你想的那么容易。

The loss in production isn't as great as in the past.
生产上的损失没有过去大。

Superlative Form
最高级

These sentences use the superlative form to state what someone feels are the most important aspect of success at university:
这些句子用最高级的形式来表达一个人对大学成功最重要的感受：

Dedication is the most important factor in success at University.
奉献精神是大学成功的最重要因素。

Opening my mind to new perspectives was the most rewarding part of my time at university.
向新的视角敞开心扉是我在大学期间最有收获的部分。

Conjunctions and Connectors
连接词和连接语

Use these subordinating conjunctions, connecting words, and prepositions to contrast positive and negative aspects.
使用这些从属连词、连接词和介词来对比正反两方面。

Though, Although, Even Though​
尽管

Although the initial cost will be high, we will eventually profit from the time spent.
虽然最初的成本会很高，但我们最终会从花费的时间中获利。

It's important to remember that time is money even though many believe that money is more important.
重要的是要记住时间就是金钱，尽管许多人认为金钱更重要。

However, Nonetheless
然而

We need to improve the local infrastructure. However, we must also respect nature.
我们需要改善当地的基础设施。但是，我们也必须尊重自然。

The government should invest in job training programs. Nonetheless, that would be expensive.
政府应该投资于职业培训项目。尽管如此，那将是昂贵的。

Despite, In Spite Of
尽管

Despite the difficulty, students will soon see the benefit of this topic of study.
尽管困难重重，学生们很快就会看到这一研究课题的好处。

The situation will improve in spite of the economy.
尽管经济不景气，情况还是会好转。