1. project (04-03-2) reach

…budget deficits were projected at hundreds of dollars forever and beyond…

Notes: no need for translation of “project”;

2. conjecture (04-03-3) expect

…much larger than had at first been conjectured

3. catch on with (04-03-4) popular with

…the idea of living in comfortable residential chambers caught on with the affluent upper and upper middle classes…

4. sting (04-03-5) scared

…stung by the three straight years of stock market declines, many people have been shifting to lower-risk investments…

5. downshift (04-03-6) going bad

…my metabolism-never very racy to begin with-down shifted a gear or two once I hit 40…

6. overwhelm (04-09-1) surprise

…even expecting this, foreigners who visit the United States for the first time are overwhelmed by the vast distances…

7. scent (04-09-3) make somewhere smell good

… it can scent the area of an average high street shop with the smell of the chocolate, freshly-cut grass…

8. gimmick (04-09-6) tool or small tactics

…stress has become an all-purpose gimmick to get our attention…

9. irony (05-03-2) sarcasm

But the irony is that…

Eg. …democracy is so much a part of our national identity that it almost seems a birthright. But the irony is that, even as we hope to spread democracy elsewhere, we risk preaching the virtues of a form of government we no longer practice ourselves.

10. spur (05-03-3) encouraged/inspired

…spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of cancer and heart disease and retard the aging process…

11. devolve (05-03-6) shift

…Barcelona will continue to press for more power to be devolved to it from Madrid…

12. quote (00-09-2)

…to quote one medical opinion, “thousands of people drift through life suffering from the effects of too little sleep;…

13. take off (00-09-5)

…in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. …

14. aversion (01-03-1) sick and tired of sth.

Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions.

15. cure (01-03-1) solve problems

The problems won’t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.