2017年12月四级大纲新增词汇(四)
121. ethic ['eθɪk]
n.①道德标准 ②(-s)伦理学,道德观
✎ 示例:
Its members are bound by a rigid code of ethics which includes confidentiality. 它的成员受到包括保密在内的一套严格的伦理规范的约束。
122. excel [ɪk'sel]
vi.擅长 vt.(~yourself) 胜过平时
✎ 示例:
The firm excels at producing cheap transistor radios. 该公司以生产廉价晶体管收音机见长。
123. expend [ɪk'spend]
vt.花费,耗费
✎ 示例:
I have expended much time on the problem. 在这个问题上我花了很多时间。
124. expertise [ˌekspɜː'tiːz]
n.专门知识(或技能等),专长
✎ 示例:
There's a great deal of knowledge and expertise in it.这里头大有学问。
125. eyebrow ['aɪbraʊ]
n.眉毛
✎ 示例:
He raised a questioning eyebrow. 他探询地挑起了眉毛。
126. federation [ˌfedə'reɪʃn]
n.①联合会,联盟 ②联邦
✎ 示例:
The organization emerged from a federation of six national agencies. 该组织由6个全国性机构联合而成。
127. fingerprint ['fɪŋɡəprɪnt]
n.指纹 vt.取……指纹
✎ 示例:
They were photographed and had their fingerprints taken. 他们被拍了照,还被提取了指纹。
128. fireplace ['faɪəpleɪs]
n.[C]壁炉
✎ 示例:
There was a fire burning in the large fireplace. 大壁炉里火势正旺。
129. flaw [flɔː]
n.①缺点 ②缺陷
✎ 示例:
The only flaw in his character seems to be a short temper.他性格中的唯一缺点好像就是脾气急。
130. footprint ['fʊtprɪnt]
n.脚印
✎ 示例:
We followed the footprints of a deer in the snow. 我们追踪雪地里一头鹿的足迹。
131. foremost ['fɔːməʊst]
a.①最重要的 ②最前的
✎ 示例:
The premier occupies the foremost place in the world of politics. 首相是政界的首要人物。
132. foresight ['fɔːsaɪt]
n.先见之明,远见
✎ 示例:
The failure is the result of their lack of foresight.这次失败是由于他们缺乏深谋远虑而导致的。
133. formulate ['fɔːmjʊleɪt]
vt.①制定,规划 ②确切表达
✎ 示例:
The contract was formulated in difficult legal language.该合同是用深奥的法律术语订立的。
134. forthcoming [ˌfɔːθ'kʌmɪŋ]
a.①(事物)即将发生的 ②(需要时)现成的 ③(人)乐于提供消息的
✎ 示例:
The secretary at the reception was not very forthcoming.接待处的秘书不太主动相告。
135. freshman ['freʃmən]
n.(AmE)(大学)一年级学生
✎ 示例:
I am a college freshman. 我是一名大学新生。
136. fright [fraɪt]
n.①惊吓 ②恐怖的经历
✎ 示例:
An untrained horse had taken fright at the sound of gunfire. 一匹未经训练的马听到枪响受了惊。
137. gadget ['ɡædʒɪt]
n.小巧的机械(或工具),精巧装置
✎ 示例:
The gadget can be attached to any vertical surface. 这小玩意儿可以粘在任何垂直表面上。
138. geology [dʒi'ɒlədʒi]
n.地质学
✎ 示例:
He was visiting professor of geology at the University of Jordan. 他是约旦大学的地质学客座教授。
139. gloom [ɡluːm]
n.①昏暗,阴暗
✎ 示例:
Don't let defeat fill you with gloom.别让失败使你灰心丧气。
140. gorgeous ['ɡɔːdʒəs]
a.①令人愉快的 ②极其漂亮的
✎ 示例:
She has a reputation for brilliance. Also, she is gorgeous.她以才华出众而闻名。此外,她还非常漂亮。
141. gossip ['gɒsɪp]
n.①流言蜚语 ②爱说长道短的人
✎ 示例:
We spoke, debated, gossiped into the night.我们交谈着,争论着,闲聊着,一直持续到晚上。
142. gravitation [ˌɡrævɪ'teʃn]
n.引力
✎ 示例:
We owe to Newton the principle of gravitation. 万有引力原理的发现应归功于牛顿。
143. grin [grɪn]
vi./n.咧嘴笑
✎ 示例:
He grins, delighted at the memory. 想到往事,他开心地咧嘴笑了起来。
144. guilt [gɪlt]
n.①内疚,自责 ②罪过,罪行 ③责任
✎ 示例:
The guilt of the accused man was in doubt.被告的罪行有疑问。
145. gut [gʌt]
n.①消化道,肠道 ②(‐s)( pl. )(尤指动物的)内脏 ③(尤指大的)胃,肚子 ④(‐s)(pl.)勇气,胆量,决心 ⑤(常pl.)内心,直觉 ⑥(‐s)(pl.)核心,实质 vt.①损毁 ②取出……的内脏(以便烹饪) a.[作定语] 非理性的,本能的
✎ 示例:
It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing. 冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
146. habitat ['hæbɪtæt]
n.(动植物的)生活环境,栖息地
✎ 示例:
The jungle is the natural habitat of wild animals and plants.丛林是野兽和植物的自然栖息地。
147. halfway [ˌhɑ:f'weɪ]
a./ad.中间(的),半途(的)
✎ 示例:
The car broke down on the halfway. 车在半路坏了。
148. handicap ['hændɪkæp]
vt.妨碍n.①障碍 ②残障
✎ 示例:
Not speaking the language is a real handicap. 不会讲这种语言的确是一个障碍。
149. haunt [hɔːnt]
vt.①缠绕,烦扰 ②(鬼魂)常出没于
✎ 示例:
He would always be haunted by that scene in the park. 他永远无法摆脱公园里的那一幕。
150. haze [heɪz]
n.薄雾,雾霾 vi.笼罩在薄雾中
✎ 示例:
The sun was surrounded by a golden haze.太阳被一片金色烟霞笼罩。
151. heartfelt ['hɑːtfelt]
a.衷心的,真诚的
✎ 示例:
Please accept my heartfelt thanks for your concern and generosity.请接受我对你的关怀和慷慨的由衷谢意。
152. hectare ['hekteə]
n.公顷
✎ 示例:
A hectare is equal to 10 000 square metres. 一公顷等于一万平方米。
153. hereby [ˌhɪə'baɪ]
ad.(用于法律文件等)以此,特此
✎ 示例:
Words of mouth being no guarantee, a written statement is hereby given. 空口无凭,立字为证。
154. heritage ['herɪtɪdʒ]
n.(文化)遗产,传统
✎ 示例:
The historic building is part of our cultural heritage.这座历史建筑是我们的文化遗产的一部分。
155. hijack/highjack ['haɪdʒæk]
vt.劫持(尤指飞机)[△“绑架”(人)用kidnap]
✎ 示例:
The plane was highjacked while on a flight to Delhi.该机在飞往德里的途中遭到劫持。
156. homosexual [ˌhəʊmə'sekʃuəl]
a.同性恋的
✎ 示例:
A fraud trial involving two homosexual lawyers was abandoned. 一桩涉及两名同性恋律师的欺诈案审判被撤销了。
157. hospitable [hɒ'spɪtəbl]
a.①(人)好客的,殷勤的 ②(作物生长条件)适宜的,舒适的
✎ 示例:
The locals are hospitable and welcoming. 当地人热情好客。
158. hyphen ['haɪfən]
n.连字符,连字号
✎ 示例:
The dash is longer than the hyphen. 破折号比连字符稍长点。
159. immigrate ['ɪmɪgreɪt]
vi.移居(入境)
✎ 示例:
They immigrated to the United States from Hong Kong.他们从香港移居美国。
160. incentive [ɪn'sentɪv]
n.刺激,鼓励,动机
✎ 示例:
Our bonus payments for improved productivity provide an incentive to work harder.提高生产率便给予额外奖励,这一做法鼓励了大家更加努力地工作。