据国家外汇管理局周二透露,截止到今年3月底,中国2011年的外债余额总计超过7510亿美元,自1985年来史上最高。其中短期外债也达到新高。2012年的前三个月,外债总数在6950亿上增长8.1%。

先看相关英文报道:

China's outstanding external debt in 2011 totaled more than $751 billion by the end of March, the highest since 1985, according to data released by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Tuesday. The proportion of short-term debt also rose to a record high. The total debt went up by 8.1 percent from the $695 billion three months earlier.

分析:

上述报道中的英文“external debt”意为“外债”,另一说法是或“foreign debt”。外债,或称对外债务,是一个国家所拥有的、债权人为外国的债务。债务人可以是政府,企业或私人。债权人可以是私人商业银行,其他政府或国际金融机构如国际货币基金组织和世界银行。中国虽然外债很多,但经常免除一些国家的债务。这与中国帮助发展中国家和第三世界国家的对外政策有关,同时也体现了我们国家作为联合国安理会常任理事国的责任和义务。

一些相关词汇:

the State Administration of Foreign Exchange 国家外汇管理局

short-term/long-term debt 短期债务

International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际货币基金组织

creditor 债权人

例句:

Its weak infrastructure, lack of development finance and heavy burden of external debt affect the improvement of its investment climate and independent development capacity.
基础设施薄弱、发展资金匮乏、外债负担沉重影响着投资环境的改善,制约着自主发展能力的提升。

In external debt, we have reduced our overweight position in the high-beta credits to a neutral stance.
海外债券方面,我们将高风险债券的评级从加码调降至中性。

Government increased public spending, privatized enterprise, and neglected to service the nation’s external debt.
政府扩大了公共投资,扩大了私有化规模,并拒绝偿还外债。