专八mini-lecture,由于答案不是唯一的,所以采取听写策略。一篇mini-lecture大概分为四个音频听写。
Sport Administrators run clubs and sporting associations, making sure a sports event works smoothly by planning and controlling the business, finance, marketing and organization. Their duties include such things as booking playing fields with local councils and organizing the schedule of games or events for the club, so they need organizational skills. The specific responsibilities of a sports administrator can vary considerately according to the level of their post, the organization they work for and its context. These can range from routine administration, managing high-spec complexes and resources, to working with a regional and national, political and ethical profile. Sports Psychologists spend time with professional athletes helping them approach competition with a positive mental attitude to enable them to achieve their personal best. They do this by improving motivation and concentration or assisting with stress management. Sports psychology is a branch of sports science. It is the scientific study of the psychological factors that are associated with participation in sport, exercise and other types of physical activity. The contribution made by sports psychologists is in two areas: helping athletes through psychological treatment methods to achieve optimum mental health and enhance sporting performance (often involving techniques like visualization and relaxation) ; conducting research to understand how participation in sport affects an individual's psychological health and well-being throughout their life span.