It can be hard enough for college or high school students or recent graduates to find that plum internship or post-graduate job even when they do everything right. If students make crucial mistakes while seeking employment, the process becomes even more complicated.
对于大学生、高中生或刚毕业的学生来说,即使他们一切都按部就班,要找到称心如意的实习或正式工作可能也很难。 要是在求职时走了误区,找工作的过程就更加复杂了。
Are you curious about how students and recent graduates are sabotaging their searches and how they can make the right moves to secure their target job?
你是否好奇他们要怎样才能避免自毁前程,且能在找目标工作时走对路?
Here are the top 10 job search mistakes high school and college students and graduates can make, plus advice on how to avoid them.
以下列出了包括高中生、大学生以及毕业生在求职时易犯的10个错误,并给出了相应建议。

1. Too Narrow Geographic Focus
1.求职地域范围狭窄

Students should certainly prioritize the preferred locations for their jobs/internships based on their personal, social, and professional criteria. However, defining too narrow a geographic area can severely limit possibilities especially if there are few employers in your target industry in that location. Consider opportunities in second and third choice locations as well as your top area if too few opportunities exist in that location.
求职者可以根据个人,社会和行业标准来优先选择工作或实习地点。 然而,过于狭窄的地域范围会减少工作选择的可能性,特别是当选择区域内鲜有几家公司和你的求职行业对路时,选择尤其受限。 所以说,如果你求职首选区域内目标公司太少,最好增加求职地域范围的第二和第三选择。

2. No Career Focus
2. 职业重心不明确

Students who can't articulate a clear focus in line with the position for which they are applying will often scare off employers. Make sure you have researched your target field and can clearly convey to employers of how it fits your background.
那些不能明确指出自己所申请职位的学生往往会让雇主避而远之。请确保已经对你的目标行业有所了解,并明确地向雇主表明自己的专业背景是与之接轨的。
On the other hand, having too narrow a focus on a field where opportunities are scarce can also pose problems. Investigate alternative routes to your ultimate job and develop plan B and plan C options for careers. It is rare that your first job will end up being in your ultimate career field.
另一方面,对于机会稀缺的行业来说,设定过于狭隘的工作岗位选择也容易产生问题。寻求职位选择的替代方案,同时制定计划B或计划C作为替代选择。很少有人一生只从事同一种职业。

3. Unwillingness to Start at the Bottom
3. 不愿从底层做起

Students often expect too glamorous a starting point for their career. Carefully research actual starting jobs in your field for individuals with your credentials. Meeting with alumni for informational interviews is an excellent way to do this. You will often hear stories such as how that successful ad executive started her career in the mail room. The key is to get inside an organization of interest, meet the right people and prove your worth.
学生们通常对他们的第一份工作要求过高。仔细研究你实际从事行业有哪些起步的工作,看看和你资历相同的人在做什么。而与校友会面以获取信息是个不错的途径。你经常会听到这样的故事,例如,广告界主管某某成功人士如何通过发邮件创业了,了解目标行业的关键是要找到合适的带路人,并证明你的价值所在。
In certain areas like sports and advertising virtually all entry-level jobs go to individuals with previous internship experience. If you are serious about this type of field make sure you do an internship while in school or even after graduation.
某些行业会要求所有的入职人员都有过实习经验,比如运动和广告行业,如果你真打算要从事这类行业,确保在上学期间或毕业后先进行实习。

4. Preoccupation with Salary
4.过分在意工资

We all want to earn as much as possible in every job we hold but many students make the mistake of setting unreasonable salary expectations for entry-level jobs and internships. Use online resources, consult with professionals in your target field and ask your guidance or career counselor for advice to identify appropriate ranges.
谁都希望工作带来尽可能多的收入,但许多学生却对于一些初级的工作或实习机会设定了不合理的预期薪酬。在设定预期薪酬时,最好利用网络资源,咨询目标行业的专业人士,并向你的职业顾问咨询,来确定合适的范围。
Factors like the growth potential of your prospective job and the skills you will develop in that position are most often more important than beginning salary when starting your career.
你未来职位的晋升空间以及你能学到的技能等因素,通常比起薪更重要。

5. Not Enough Networking
5.社交不广

Ask any career expert about the most effective strategy for finding work and they will all say "networking". Yet few students are fully engaged with this process. Make sure you use a varied approach to networking by reaching out to alumni, family friends, local professionals and members of professional groups in your field. Ask for information, advice and assistance with your search.
如何最有效地找到满意工作?试着问问所有职业规划专家,他们都会说是通过“社交”渠道。 然而很少有学生完全做好了这一步。 确保你动用了广泛的社交关系,无论是联系校友,亲戚朋友,还是本地专业人士或一些专业机构的成员,向他们咨询相关信息以及帮助建议。

6. Flawed Communications
6.通信漏洞百出

Typos and grammatical errors in your letters / emails will turn off employers right away. Proofread documents carefully and have others review them as well.
无论是你寄出的求职信还是发出的电子邮件中,一旦出现了错字或语法错误都会让雇主立刻甩到一边。仔细校对要发出去的文件,并让其他人帮忙检查一遍。

7. Insufficient Employer Research
7.对雇佣单位研究不足

Employers will notice if you haven't done your homework. Make sure you researchthe products, services, accomplishments and challenges of your target organization. Be prepared to articulate why you would be interested in helping the organization to reach its goals.
你有没有做足面试前的准备工作,雇主一试便知。面试前确保你已经了解过应聘单位的产品,服务,成就以及它所面临的挑战,面试时他们可能会问你为什么有兴趣帮助他们公司达成目标,所以提前准备好问题的答案。
Be ready to share the assets which you will bring to them in order to excel in your target job. Prepare examples of how you have tapped those strengths to successfully carry out past roles and projects.
为了在日后工作中脱颖而出,要做好好分享你的优势的准备,这也是你能给公司带来的资产。准备好举例说明你将如何利用这些优势来做好项目并扮演好你的角色。

8. Inadequate Follow Up
8.后续跟进不足

Students often make the mistake of ending communication with the interview. Make sure you write a follow-up letter or email as soon as possible after your meeting. Include a brief summary of why you think the job is an excellent fit after having met with them. Express a strong interest in working there. Lack of enthusiasm is a deal killer with employers at any stage of the process. Re-engage the employer periodically to check on your status and reaffirm your high level of interest.
学生经常犯这样的错误,一旦面试结束就不再和应聘单位沟通。确保在面试后尽快写信或发邮件和用人单位联系。你可以总结一下,为什么面试后你认为这个工作更适合你,强烈表示你想在那里工作的意愿。在任何时候,缺乏热情都会降低你面试成功的几率。定期地和招聘单位联系,核实一些情况并重申你对工作的热忱。

9. Losing Momentum
9.失去动力

It is understandable that students will often draw down the intensity of their job search efforts when things look promising with an employer. Backing off your search at the sign of possible success can be a critical error which could set you back for months. Don't ever assume an offer will come through since circumstances can change with that organization. Keep the pedal to the metal until you have secured a definite offer in writing.
当某个应聘单位的面试看起来很有希望时,通常应聘者会瞬间放松求职搜索,这点可以理解。但在看到一点成功的征兆就放弃其他的职位搜索可能是大错特错,可能因此会让你再拖上几个月。由于应聘单位的内部情况随时有可能变化,所以永远别只死盯住一个机会不放。随时上紧发条,直到得到了以书面形式的正式录用通知。

10. Not Fully Tapping Career/Guidance Offices
10.没有充分利用校内的就业指导资源

It is amazing how few students fully utilize the resources available at their school'scareer offices . Trained professional are available to guide you and share job as well as networking leads. Make sure you are fully engaged with these offices right from the beginning of your high school and college career.
几乎没有学生充分利用了校内就业指导处的资源。有经验的行业人士完全可以给你提供指导,并分享一些工作机会以及社交人脉。确保您在高中和大学生涯开始就与这些就业指导办公室打交道。
Hopefully you have learned how to avoid some of the common pitfalls that short circuit student job search and are now more ready to take the positive steps necessary to launch a successful search.
希望你已经学会如何避免求职的一些常见陷阱,以提高求职的成功率。

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