科学60秒:基因+病毒=疾病
来源：沪江听写酷
2011-04-26 08:23
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Crohn's disease is a real pain in the gut. This inflammatory disorder can lead to some serious intestinal difficulties. And ____1____: some 30 different genes enhance susceptibility. But not everyone who has the genes gets Crohn's.
Now scientists find that those with one type of risky gene may also need to ____2____ to trigger the disease. The results appear in the journal Cell.
Doctors have long suspected that some sort of virus might precipitate autoimmune disorders, like lupus or multiple sclerosis. But in the case of Crohn's, researchers ____3____ the connection by accident.
They were studying mice that carry a version of a gene associated with Crohn's. These animals develop gut problems similar to those seen in humans. Then the researchers started keeping the animals in clean cages. Really clean cages, in which the bedding, food, and water are sterilized. And the ____4____ mice, even with the risky gene, stayed healthy. But when the scientists exposed the animals to a common virus, they came down with mouse Crohn's.
The research shows that some illnesses may require a combination of genetic predisposition and infection. ____5____.
Crohn's disease is a real pain in the gut. This inflammatory disorder can lead to some serious intestinal difficulties. And ____1____: some 30 different genes enhance susceptibility. But not everyone who has the genes gets Crohn's.
Now scientists find that those with one type of risky gene may also need to ____2____ to trigger the disease. The results appear in the journal Cell.
Doctors have long suspected that some sort of virus might precipitate autoimmune disorders, like lupus or multiple sclerosis. But in the case of Crohn's, researchers ____3____ the connection by accident.
They were studying mice that carry a version of a gene associated with Crohn's. These animals develop gut problems similar to those seen in humans. Then the researchers started keeping the animals in clean cages. Really clean cages, in which the bedding, food, and water are sterilized. And the ____4____ mice, even with the risky gene, stayed healthy. But when the scientists exposed the animals to a common virus, they came down with mouse Crohn's.
The research shows that some illnesses may require a combination of genetic predisposition and infection. ____5____.
heredity is partly to blame
catch a virus
stumbled across
squeaky clean
Info that could lead to new treatment strategies
克罗恩病（结肠克隆氏病、节段性回肠炎）对肠胃来说可真是一种折磨！这种炎症性疾病可导致某些严重的肠道症状。而部分原因要归结为——遗传：有30种不同的基因可增高克罗恩病的易感性，但也并非每一个拥有这种基因的人就会得克罗恩病。
如今，科学家们发现拥有某一类型这种基因的人或许感染上一种病毒后才会引发克罗恩病。这一研究结果发表在《细胞》杂志上。
一直以来，医生们就怀疑某些类型的病毒有可能促使自身免疫功能紊乱，如红斑狼疮、多发性硬化症等。但就克罗恩病而言，研究人员是在偶然中才发现这其中的联系。
当时，研究人员在对携有与克罗恩病相关基因的实验鼠进行研究，这些实验鼠患有与人类极为相似的肠道问题。研究人员将它们放入洁净的笼中，这可是真正的一尘不染——它们的寝具、食物、饮水全都是经过消毒无菌的。而这些异常洁净的小实验鼠即使携带了高危基因，也依然健康茁壮。但是，一旦将它们暴露在有普通病毒的环境中，这些实验鼠就会患上鼠类的克罗恩病。
这项研究表明，有些疾病是遗传基因易感性和病毒感染的共同作用引发的。而这一信息也指出了一种新的治疗策略。