Hints:

holistically


I see. When did the concept begin to change? In the late 1940s, the WHO challenged this physically and medically oriented view of health. They stated that health was a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease. The mind, body and spirit of a person were seen holistically. How long did this concept last? It lasted until the 1970s. At that time, people focused their attention on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behavior of the individual. Specific behaviors which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical health care, but health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behavior and lifestyles. It sounds reasonable. It must have been beneficial to people. Unfortunately, not. But why? You see,this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach did help the wealthy members of the society. But the majority were people experiencing poverty, unemployment or little control over the conditions of their daily lives. How could people afford the program if they lived under unfavorable social and environmental factors?
我明白了。这个概念是什么时候开始转变的呢? 在20世纪40年代后期,世界卫生组织质疑这种生理上和医学导向的健康观念。他们声称健康是生理上、心理上和社交上的完整状态,不仅仅指没有疾病。应该整体地看待一个人的精神、生理和情绪。 这个概念持续了多久? 直到20世纪70年代。在那个时期,人们注重预防疾病,通过强调个人生活方式和行为的重要性。被认为会增加患病率的特定行为,比如吸烟,不健康的饮食习惯,都是预防目标。创造健康意味着不仅要提供医疗保健,而且要提供能帮助人们保持健康的行为和生活方式的健康促进计划和政策。 听上去很合理。肯定对人们有很大帮助吧? 非常不幸的是,没有。 为什么? 这种个人主义的健康生活方式的途径确实帮助了富有的社会成员。但是,大部分的人们都经历着贫穷,事业或者无法维持日常生活。如果他们过着社会和环境因素都低下的生活,怎么能支付得了这个计划的费用?