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1  中国传统服饰文化

【汉服】

汉服（the traditional Chinese clothing）这种历史服饰正迎来复兴。在过去几十年里，随着中国经济繁荣发展，中国人接受了西方的时尚，但越来越多年轻人开始在穿着打扮上追求复古，穿起了传统的汉服。宽松飘逸的披身长袍和长至膝盖的袖子，是汉服的突出特征。这在很大程度上是因为政府致力于推广传统文化，一些古装电视剧的热播也激发了人们对中国传统服饰的兴趣。在中秋节等中国传统节日和婚礼等正式场合，年轻人穿上汉服。

【参考译文】

The traditional Chinese clothing is enjoying a revival. In the last few decades, with China's economic prosperity, Chinese people has embraced western fashion, however a growing number of youngsters have started to appreciate an vintage style in clothing and makeups, wearing traditional "Hanfu" or "Han clothing". It is characterized by loose and flowing robes that drape around the body, with sleeves hanging down to the knee. To a large extent, the government‘s popularization of the traditional culture has contributed to it. The boom of some Period dramas have also contributed to the interest in traditional Chinese clothing. On traditional Chinese festivals such as  Mid-autumn Festival and formal occasions like weddings, young people wear their Han clothes.

平行文本【丝绸之路】

丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是中国古代最著名的贸易路线。在这条路上运输的商品中，丝绸占很大部分，因此得名"丝绸之路"。丝绸之路起点始于长安，终点远达印度、罗马等国家。丝绸之路从汉代开始形成，到唐代达到鼎盛，骆驼曾是丝绸之路上的主要交通工具。中国的造纸、印刷等伟大发明通过这条路传播到了西方，而佛教(Buddhism)等宗教也被引入中国。丝绸之路不仅仅是古代国际贸易路线，更是连接亚洲、非洲、欧洲的文化桥梁。

【参考译文】

The Silk Road is the most well-known trade route in ancient China. It got its name because silk comprised a large proportion of commodities transported along this road. The Silk Road started at Chang'an and extended as far as countries like India and Rome. The Silk Road was opened up during the Han Dynasty and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, with camels being the major means of transportation. Great inventions in China, such as paper-making and printing were spread to the Western world along this road and religions like Buddhism were also introduced to China. The Silk Road was not only an ancient international trade route, but also a cultural bridge linking with Africa and Europe.

平行文本【唐装】

唐朝是中国古代最繁荣、兴旺、灿烂、光荣的时期。因此，中国人穿的传统服装就被称为"唐装(Tang suit)"。实际上，"唐装"并不是唐朝的服装。它的起源可以追溯到清朝，由马褂(Chinese jacket)演变而来。唐装的颜色多种多样，最常见的是红色、深蓝色、金色和黑色。唐装上一种常见的设计是使用汉字来表达好运和祝福。今天，仍然有很多人会在传统的节日里穿唐装。

【参考译文】

The Tang Dynasty was the most thriving, prosperous, splendid and glorious period in ancient China.As a result, the traditional clothing worn by the Chinese is called "Tang suit". Actually, "Tang suit" is not the clothing of the Tang Dynasty.Its origin can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty, evolving from Chinese jacket.Tang suit is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black.One common design is the usage of Chinese characters to convey good luck and wishes.Today,there are still many people who would wear Tang suit during traditional festivals.

2  中国古代建筑

【苏州园林】

苏州园林始于春秋，清末已有各色园林170余处，因此苏州也被誉为"园林之城"。苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。现保存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。　　

【参考译文】

Suzhou gardens were first built in the Spring and Autumn Period. By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had built over 170 gardens of diverse styles, thus, Suzhou was well-known as "The City of Gardens". As the most outstanding representative of classical Chinese gardens，most of which were privately-owned. Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, and more than 10 are open to the public. Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which makes them suitable places for living, visiting and appreciating. The architectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyles and social customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze River. Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.

平行文本【四合院】

四合院(courtyard)是一种历史类型住宅。它在中国很常见，最著名的则是在北京。在古代，一座四合院住着一个单一的大家庭。今天，许多现存的四合院还用作住房，但大都缺乏现代生活设施。四合院最早可以追溯到西周时期（the Western Zhou Period）,至今已有2000多年的历史。它们表现出中国建筑的优秀和基本特征。四合院还是北京的一个文化象征，也是探索古老生活方式的一个窗口。

【参考译文】

Courtyard is a historical type of residence.It was commonly found throughout China,most famous in Beijing.In ancient times,a courtyard would be occupied by a single large family.Today,many remaining courtyards are still used as houses,but most lack modem living facilities.Courtyards date back to as early as the Western Zhou Period,with a history of over 2,000 years.They exhibit outstanding and iundamental characteristics of Chinese architecture.Courtyard also serves as a cultural symbol of Beijing and a window into old ways of life.

平行文本【颐和园】

颐和园(the Summer Palace)位于北京市西北部的海淀区，距北京市中心15公里。它是中国最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。颐和园有著名的自然风景和人文景观(cultural landscape),因此它也一直被公认为是“皇家园林博物馆"。颐和园始建于1750年，作为一座豪华的皇家花园供皇室成员休息和娱乐。清朝末期，颐和园成为了皇家成员的主要居住地。它位列世界遗产(the World Heritage Sites)目录，也是中国第一批国家5A级旅游景区之一。

【参考译文】

The Summer Palace is situated in the Haidian District,northwest of Beijing City,15 kilometers from central Beijing.It is the largest and most well-preserved royal park in China.It also has long been recognizcd as"the Museum of Royal Gardens"with famous natural view and cultural landscape.The construction started in 1750 as a luxurious royal garden for royal families to rest and entertain.It became the main residence of royal members in the end of the Qing Dynasty.It not only ranks amongst the World Heritage Sites, but also is one of the first national Five-A tourist spots in China.

3  中国传统书画

【传统国画】

中国国画（Chinese traditional painting）起源于约6000年前。纸张发明以前，人们主要用陶器（pottery）和丝绸作画。随着唐朝经济和文化的繁荣，传统国画逐渐兴盛起来。山水画（landscape）是中国国画的主要种类之一，主要描绘了中国各地的山川大河和瑰丽的自然风光。几个世纪以来，国画的发展折射了时代和社会的变迁。当今，经典国画主要收藏和展览于美术馆，供中外游客欣赏。

【参考译文】

Chinese traditional painting dates back to about 6,000 years ago. Before paper was invented, the pottery and silk were mainly used for painting . With the economic and cultural prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, it has gradually gained prosperity. The landscape is one of the major kinds in traditional Chinese painting, mainly depicting great mountains and rivers in various places and the gorgeous natural landscape of China. Over the centuries, the growth of Chinese painting has reflected the change of time and social conditions. Nowadays, the classic Chinese traditional paintings are mainly collected and exhibited in art museums, and appreciated by tourists from China and abroad.

【平行文本】

人物画 figure painting

山水画 landscape

花鸟画 flower-and-bird painting

诗集 peotry

诗文 poem

诗人 poet

书法 calligraphy

印章篆刻 seal engraving

4  中国现代科技成就

【天问一号】

1970年4月24日，中国第一颗人造卫星"东方红一号"发射成功。东方红一号重173公斤，比其他国家的第一颗人造卫星都要重。它携带了无线电广播发射机，播送《东方红》乐曲。东方红一号的发射成功使中国成为继苏联、美国、法国、日本之后第五个独立发射人造卫星的国家。过去的几十年间，中国航天事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。中国的首个火星探测任务为"天问一号"。这个名字来自中国古代最伟大的诗人之一屈原的长诗《天问》，意思是向天提问。中国已完成载人航天工程、月球探测器和北斗卫星导航系统等航天工程。

【参考译文】

The first Chinese satellite "Dong Fang Hong No. 1"was launched on April 24th, 1970. It was notable in that, at 173kg, it was heavier than the first satellites of other countries. The satellite carried a radio transmitter. It broadcast the song of the same name, "The East Is Red". With the successful launch of "Dong Fang Hong No. 1", China became the fifth country after the Soviet Union, United States, France, and Japan to independently launch a satellite. During the past decades, China"s aerospace industry has made remarkable achievements. Tianwen-1 marked China"s first Mars exploration mission, whose name comes from the long poem Tianwen, meaning Questions to Heaven. The poem was written by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. China has completed aerospace projects including manned space programs, lunar probes, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and other programs.

【平行文本】

高铁 high-speed train

磁悬浮列车 maglev train

北斗卫星导航系统 the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

第五代移动通信技术5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)

移动支付 mobile payment

二维码 QR code

杂交水稻 hybrid rice