【读书笔记】《沉思录》卷七01
本书简介：
《沉思录》是古罗马皇帝奥勒留写给自己的书，内容大部分是他在鞍马劳顿中写成的。作品来自奥勒留对身羁宫廷的自己和自己所处混乱世界的感受，追求一种冷静而达观的生活。这部著作是斯多葛学派的一个里程碑，亦是温总理放在枕边，读了不下百遍的书。
本书原文由古希腊文而作，英文版选择比较权威的George Long的版本，中文版选择何怀宏的版本作参考。笔记中的英文释义摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
作者简介：
马可•奥勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲学家”，古罗马帝国皇帝，在希腊文学和拉丁文学、修辞、哲学、法律、绘画方面受过很好的教育，晚期斯多葛学派代表人物之一。奥勒留也许是西方历史上唯一的一位哲学家皇帝。他是一个比他的帝国更加完美的人，他的勤奋工作最终并没有能够挽救古罗马，但是他的《沉思录》却成为西方历史上的伟大名著。
卷七01
7.1 WHAT is badness? It is that which thou hast often seen. And on the occasion of everything which happens keep this in mind, that it is that which thou hast often seen. Everywhere up and down thou wilt find the same things, with which the old histories are filled, those of the middle ages and those of our own day; with which cities and houses are filled now. There is nothing new: all things are both familiar and short-lived.
7.2 How can our principles become dead, unless the impressions (thoughts) which correspond to them are extinguished? But it is in thy power continuously to fan these thoughts into a flame. I can have that opinion about anything, which I ought to have. If I can, why am I disturbed? The things which are external to my mind have no relation at all to my mind.- Let this be the state of thy affects, and thou standest erect. To recover thy life is in thy power. Look at things again as thou didst use to look at them; for in this consists the recovery of thy life.
Notes：
erect [adj]1 (formal) in a vertical position
2 (of the penis or nipples) larger than usual, stiff and standing up because of sexual excitement
7.3 Is my understanding sufficient for this or not? If it is sufficient, I use it for the work as an instrument given by the universal nature. But if it is not sufficient, then either I retire from the work and give way to him who is able to do it better, unless there be some reason why I ought not to do so; or I do it as well as I can, taking to help me the man who with the aid of my ruling principle can do what is now fit and useful for the general good. For whatsoever either by myself or with another I can do, ought to be directed to this only, to that which is useful and well suited to society.
7.4 To the rational animal the same act is according to nature and according to reason.
先尝试自己翻译一下吧，参考译文见下：
中文翻译：
7.1 什么是恶？它是你司空见惯的。在发生一切事情的时候都把这牢记在心：它是你司空见惯的。你将在上上下下一切地方都发现同样的事情，这同样的事物填充了过去时代的历史、中间时代的历史和我们时代的历史；也充斥着现在的城市和家庭。什么新的东西：所有事物都是熟悉的、短暂的。
7.2 我们的原则怎么能死去呢？除非那符合于它们的印象（思想）熄灭。但是不断地把这些思想扇成旺盛的火焰是在你的力量范围之内。我对任何事情都能形成那种我应当拥有什么的意见。如果我能，我为什么要烦恼呢？那在我的心灵之外的事物跟我的心灵没有任何关系。－让这成为你的感情状态，你就能坚定地站立。恢复你的生命是在你力量范围之内，再用你过去惯常的眼光看待事物，因为你生命的恢复就在于此。
7.3 我的理智足以胜任这一工作吗？如果它胜任，那么我在这一工作中就把它作为宇宙本性给予的一个工具来使用。但如果它不胜任，那么，我或者放弃这一工作，把它让给能够较好地做它的人来做（除非有某种理由使我不应这样做）；或者我尽可能好地做它，接受这样一个人的帮助－他能借助于我的支配原则做现在是恰当并对公共利益有用的事。因为无论是我做的事还是我能和另一个人做的事，都应当仅仅指向那对社会有用和适合于社会的事。
7.4 对于理性的动物来说，依据本性和依据理智是一回事。