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the 1960s and '70s
Irene and Haralambos Gavras
the Boston University School of Medicine
the Journal of Hypertension
People with high blood pressure are often told to watch the salt. And it's long been thought that hypertension related to excess salt is caused by the salt increasing the volume of the blood. Which in turn puts added pressure on the blood vessel walls. But going back to the 1960s and '70s, some researchers thought that the salt might be having a different effect. Now long-time hypertension researchers Irene and Haralambos Gavras at the Boston University School of Medicine have analyzed the studies in the field and published a review article explaining what they think salt's role really is: it stimulates the sympathetic nervous system to produce adrenalin. And it's the adrenalin that constricts the arteries and causes the high blood pressure, not excess fluid volume. The review is in the Journal of Hypertension. Physicians have accepted a nervous system involvement in hypertension that's bad enough to cause kidney failure. Fluid-decreasing diuretics are a common treatment in those severe cases. This new analysis implies that researchers should look for additional hypertension treatments that focus on the nervous system.
高血压患者需要限制摄取盐分。很长一段时间人们都以为摄取过多盐分导致血液增多才是引起高血压症的原因。因为血液增多会增加血液对血管壁的压力。但若回顾六七十年代的一些研究，一些研究人员发现盐分也许还有一些其它的作用。 现在，波士顿大学药学研究者Irene 和Haralambos Gavras长期从事对高血压研究，他们已经分析研究并发表一篇综述文章用以解释他们认为盐分对人体真正的作用，那就是：盐类刺激交感神经系统产生肾上腺素。而肾上腺素使主动脉收缩从而引发高血压，而非如前所述由于液体体积增多而引起血压高。这篇综述已经发表在《高血压》杂志上。 内科医生已经认可高血压状态下的神经系统会起到负面作用足以导致肾衰竭。促使体液减少的利尿剂是目前对严重高血压病例的一种常用治疗方法。这项最新的分析研究结果提示研究人员们应该寻找与神经系统相关的其它高血压症治疗方法。