提到莎士比亚，很多人想到的是英国文豪，剧作家，四大悲剧，四大喜剧这些标签。可是大家知道吗，莎士比亚还是一位“造词专家”——他给英语语言贡献了比任何人都多的词汇，短语和表达。现在我们使用的很多短语和词汇，都是当年莎翁自己创造出来的，这些用法有的需要结合一定的文化背景去理解，有的则在时代变换中融入了人们的生活，并有了新的发展。

想要学好英语，深入理解英国文化的底蕴，莎士比亚可谓是不可不读。当然啦，术业有专攻，为了让大家更便捷地了解相关知识，英语君特意为大家总结了一些由莎士比亚发明，实用性比较强的短语，并在后面进行了注释，赶快来学习，用起来吧。

 

1.A fool’s paradise

愚人的天堂，基于虚无缥缈的希望的幸福状态，假想的/自欺欺人的快乐

英文解释：a state of happiness that is based on mistaken beliefs or false ideas

出自：在《罗米欧与朱丽叶》中，朱丽叶的nurse警告罗密欧不要把朱丽叶引入愚人的天堂：

“...but first let me tell ye, if ye should lead her into a fool's paradise, as they say, it were a very gross kind of behavior...”

e.g. We are headed for economic trouble, and anyone who thinks otherwise is living in a fool's paradise.
我们正在向经济困难迈进，所有不相信的人都是在自欺欺人。

下次想提醒别人，尤其是恋爱中的伙伴不要盲目地抱有幻想时就可以这么说啦。

2.It’s all one to me.

无所谓，对我来说都一样。

英文解释：An indifference as to the choice between options; one thing is as good as another.

出自：Troilus and Cressida 《特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达》

Because she's kin to me, therefore she's not so fair as Helen: an she were not kin to me, she would be as fair on Friday as Helen is on Sunday. But what care I? I care not an she were a black-a-moor; 'tis all one to me.

注释：在现在的用法里，更常见的是It’s all the same to me.

e.g. —Would you prefer to go out for a meal or eat in?—It's all the same to me. / It’s all one to me.
—你想出去吃还是在家吃？  ——随便。

当别人让你选择，而你觉得无所谓的时候，就可以这么回答。

 3.All that glitters is not gold

闪光的未必都是是金子；有光鲜外表的未必都是值钱的。

英文解释：not everything that looks precious or true turns out to be so.

出自：The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》

e.g. Don’t be fooled by its shiny appearance, as a saying goes: All that glitters is not gold.
别被它华丽的外表蒙蔽了，闪光的不一定是金子。

 

4.As good luck would have it

碰巧的是；幸运（不幸）的是

英文解释：by good or bad luck; as it turned out; by chance

出自：The Merry Wives of Windsor 《温莎的风流娘们儿》

注释：现在最常使用的是简化版的 As luck would have it，此处的luck既可以指好运也可以指坏的运气。

e.g. As luck would have it, it rained the day of the picnic.
不幸的是，野营的那天正好下雨。

5.Bag and baggage

全部财产，完全地

英文解释：All of one's possessions.

出自：这个短语的渊源和军事有关，”bag and baggage”指的是一支军队以及其中的士兵的全部物品。leave bag and baggage” 的意思是离开一个地方，什么也不留下。后来，莎士比亚在作品《皆大欢喜》中使用了这个短语。

e.g. They had a bitter quarrel last night. She left the house this morning, bag and baggage.
他们昨晚大吵了一架。她今天早上就带着所有的东西离开了房子。

6.Comparisons are odious

人比人气死人

英文解释：to compare two different things or persons is unhelpful or misleading. People should be judged on their own merits. 把不同的事物放在一起比较是没有意义的，应该根据每个个体有独有的优点去评价。

出自：Much Ado About Nothing 《无事生非》

莎翁的这一碗人生鸡汤，你喝不喝？

7.To fight fire with fire

以其人之道还其人之身

英文解释：Respond to an attack by using a similar method as one's attacker。

出自：King John 《约翰王》

Be stirring as the time; be fire with fire;

Threaten the threatener and outface the brow

Of bragging horror

注释：表达“以牙还牙”还可以说 an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth，不过这些表达在口语中还是否定的用法比较多，毕竟报复并不是理智的行为。An eye for an eye leaves everyone blind.

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