Today we have the second in a series of reports about the group of disorders known as learning disabilities. Different ones affect reading, writing, listening, speaking or working with numbers.

The most common learning disability is dyslexia. A person with dyslexia has difficulty with language skills, especially reading. The International Dyslexia Association says studies in different countries generally show that four to seven percent of people are dyslexic.

Dyslexia most commonly affects reading, spelling and writing. Some people have problems with only one of these. Others have trouble with spoken language. They find it difficult to express themselves clearly or understand what other people say.

Dyslexia can also affect a person emotionally. Dyslexic children often think they are unable to learn. They think they are stupid, or that is what they are told. Specialists say children who feel this way are in danger of failure and depression.What causes dyslexia is not clear. But studies have found differences in brain activity and development in dyslexic people compared to the general population.

参考译文：

今天是我们关于一组称为学习障碍疾病的报道的第二期。不同的障碍影响着阅读，写作，听力，语言或者与数字有关的表现。

最常见的学习障碍是诵读困难。一个患有诵读困难疾病的患者在语言技能方面有困难，尤其是阅读。国际诵读困难协会在对不同国家的研究显示大约有百分之四到百分之七的人是诵读困难症患者。

诵读困难往往会影响阅读，拼写和写作。有些人仅仅只有其中的某一个方面的障碍。其他一些人会在口语表达方面觉得吃力。他们会觉得很难把自己想表达的说清楚或者很好的明白别人所说的话。

诵读困难还会在精神方面对人们产生影响。患有诵读困难症的孩子经常会认为他们没有能力去学习。他们认为自己很愚蠢，或者这正是别人告知他们的。专家说，有这样想法的孩子会有失败和变消沉的危险。

目前还不清楚什么导致了阅读困难。但是经过对患有诵读困难症的患者与正常人群进行对比研究后发现，在大脑活动与发育方面两者有所不同。

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