英语语态:被动语态的构成和用法
英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。决定动词用主动语态还是被动语态主要看动词和主语的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者,也就是说它们是主动关系,此时动词用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,也就是说它们是被动关系,此时动词则用被动语态。英语的被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成,其中be有时态、人称和数的变化。如:
English is taught in most schools.
The children are not allowed (permitted) to play on the grass.
After the accident, the injured were taken to hospital.
动语态改成被动语态方法
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤:
1. 将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;
2. 谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;
3. 主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by的短语可以省略);
例如:
Bruce writes a letter every week.
变化为:A letter is written by Bruce every week.