Learning the Rules for Raises
学习加薪的规则

You've been working hard earning praise from your boss and co-workers. So when will those kind words translate into more money? To find out, start by arming yourself with facts -- about how your company works and the strength of the labor market.
你工作非常努力，得到了上司和同事的赞扬。那么，什么时候这些赞美能够变成金钱呢？为了找到这个答案，你应该从事实开始武装自己。弄明白你的公司是怎么运作的，以及劳动市场的力量。

A Complex Equation
一个复杂的方程式

U.S. companies will increase their overall salary budgets by 3.9 percent in 2008, the same as in 2007, according to the WorldatWork Salary Budget Survey. The salary budget is the total amount of money a company has for merit increases or cost of living adjustments.
根据世界薪酬协会薪酬预算调查，美国的公司在2008年的薪酬总预算增加3.9%，与2007年相同。薪酬预算是一家公司为加薪或生活费调整所准备的预算。

How large a raise you can expect -- and when -- can depend on many factors beyond whether you're performing well: your company's culture, its financial performance, and how much you make compared with your peers, for example.
你可以期待什么时候加薪，加多少，都可以由除了你的良好表现外的其他诸多因素决定，比如：公司文化，财政状况，与你同职位的同事相比，你的贡献有多大。

Get Details from the Boss
从老板那里得知详细细节

It's always a good idea to have a general talk with your boss about how and when raises are handed out. "Good bosses would be very open to having that conversation," said Gail Ginder, a leadership coach in Healdsburg, California. Ask what it takes to get a raise, when decisions on raises are made, and how you can find out if you're on track.
一个永远的好方法就是与你的上司心平气和的谈谈什么时候会加薪，怎么加薪。Gail Ginder 是加州希尔兹堡的一位领导教练，他说：“好老板会开放的接受这种类型的谈话。”询问他你怎样才能得到加薪，关于加薪的决策什么时候会制定，以及你该如何确定自己的做法是否正确。

"They really need to find out what it is they can expect," Ginder said. Even changing bosses within one company can mean a different set of criteria, if the company gives managers a lot of latitude in awarding increases. If your boss doesn't know, someone in human resources should be able to answer your questions.
Ginder说：“他们确实需要知道什么才是自己期望的”。即使是在同一家公司的不同上司，如果公司给经理在奖励增长范围上给予很大的宽限，他们也可能会有不同的标准。如果你的上司不知道的话，在人力资源部肯定有人能够回答你的问题。

Every Employer Is Unique
每个雇主都是独特的

Bear in mind, though, that some companies are more organized than others when it comes to pay increases. Some simply give everyone average raises, said Shari Dunn, managing principal of CompAnalysis, a compensation and HR consulting firm in Oakland, California. Others are trying to move away from giving everyone an annual increase and instead look at whether you're being paid what the market says your work is worth.
记住，当涉及加薪的时候，很多公司都比其他公司更有组织性一些。CompAnalysis ，是加州奥克兰一家赔偿和人力资源咨询公司，其管理首脑Shari Dunn说：“有些公司只是简单的给每个人一份平均的增长，而其他的公司则试着脱离给每个人一份年增长的机制，而是根据你的市场价值来决定你是否值得加薪。”

At many companies, raises depend on a mix of your performance and how much you make compared with others doing the same job. You may find that if you're nearing the top of the pay bracket for your position, you'll need to earn a promotion to get a raise.
在很多公司里，加薪是由你的综合表现以及和别人做同样的工作你的贡献有多少决定的。你将发现如果你在目前的职位已经达到了最高的薪酬，你可能就需要通过升职来加薪了。

For example, Dunn said, an average performer who is paid an average salary for employees at that level would get an average raise, but an average performer who was paid near the top of the company's range for his or her job would likely get less. A top performer who is paid less than others in the same job could be in line for a larger-than-average raise.
Dunn举例说，一位拿平均标准薪资的员工在某个职位上表现平平，他将得到平均水平的加薪，但是如果另外一位在相同职位的员工的薪资几乎达到了公司的最高标准，而且他在该职位上也是表现平平的话，他得到的加薪就更少。而如果是在同一个职位上另外一位虽然薪资比别人低，但表现最佳的员工将会获得高于平均水平的加薪。

"The linkage to performance is sometimes tenuous," Dunn said.
“与业绩挂钩的加薪体制有时候是很脆弱的。” Dunn说。

Demonstrate Your Value
证明你的价值

While you're asking your boss to explain how raise decisions are made, should you also ask for a raise? Again, it's important to know how your employer operates.
当你在询问你的上司加薪政策是如何制定的时候，你是否该要求加薪呢？再次强调，认知你的公司运作的非常重要。

Large, traditional companies and government agencies often use clearly defined processes to determine raises, and asking for more money mid-year will just make you seem out of place. On the other hand, more entrepreneurial companies may be more open to requests for raises -- as long as they're backed up by solid data about your performance and what it's worth, not just a list of things you'd like to buy if you had more money.
大而传统的公司以及政府机构通常都有非常明确的加薪程序，在年中的时候要求加薪只会不恰当。而另一方面，越来越多的私企对要求加薪更加开明，只要你能够证明自己的价值，并能拿得出大量的证明事实，而不是你有钱的时候想购买的物品清单。

"Employers like ambitious employees, especially if they're good performers," Dunn said.
Dunn 说：“雇主都喜欢有野心的员工，尤其是表现优良者。”