二是深化改革开放，激发经济社会发展活力。
Second we deepened reform and opening up and invigorated economic and social development.
激发······活力 invigorate
针对束缚发展的体制机制障碍，我们通过全面深化改革，以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力，啃了不少硬骨头，经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等体制改革全面推进。
To address obstructions holding back development caused by certain systems and mechanisms, we comprehensively deepened reform, invigorating the market to offset downward economic pressure. We tackled many tough issues and carried out structural reforms in the economic, political, cultural, societal, and ecological sectors.
束缚： hold back （抑制；控制 | 阻挡，阻止，阻碍）
对冲： offset （抵消；补偿）
硬骨头：tough issues
体制改革：structural reforms
经济下行压力：downward economic pressure
障碍： obstruction
各种障碍的说法：obstacle,barrier,obstruction,bar,hindrance
这些名词均含“障碍(物)”之意。
obstacle → 指在达到目的或前进的过程中必须消除或绕过的障碍物，也指起阻碍作用等情况。obstacles on the race-course 赛马跑道上设置的障碍物 obstacles to world peace 世界和平的障碍
barrier → 常指临时的或者可能跨越的障碍。Show your ticket at the barrier. 请在检票处出示票以备查验 barriers of race and religion 种族和宗教的鸿沟
obstruction → 常既指具体的障碍又可指抽象或喻意上的阻碍。 obstructions on the road, eg fallen trees 公路上的障碍物（如倒下的树木） The government were defeated by the obstructionism of their opponents. 政府受到反对派阻挠而挫败.
bar → 既可指阻止进出或通过的栅栏一类的障碍物，也可用于抽象意义障碍。
Poor health may be a bar to success in life. 健康不佳可能成为人一生中取得成功的障碍.
hindrance /ˈhɪənts/ → 指妨碍他人进步或做事的人或物。 Some kitchen gadgets are more of a hindrance than a help. 有些灵巧的炊具非但没有用处反而碍事. hindrance to traffic 交通障碍物
扎实推动重点改革。
We have made solid progress in key reforms.
制定并实施深化财税体制改革总体方案，预算管理制度和税制改革取得重要进展，专项转移支付项目比上年减少 1/3 以上，一般性转移支付比重增加，地方政府性债务管理得到加强。
We formulated and implemented a coordinated plan for deepening the reform of the fiscal and tax systems. Important progress was made in the reform of the budgetary management and tax systems.
The number of items receiving special transfer payments was over one third less than that of the previous year, and the proportion of transfer payments for general purposes was increased. Management of local government debt was strengthened.
制定： formulate
其他制定的说法:
制定法令：enact decrees
制定计划 ：work out a plan; lay down a plan;
制定法令：enact decrees
制定法律：make laws
比重：proportion
专项转移支付项目： items receiving special transfer payments
一般性转移支付：transfer payments for general purposes
减少 1/3 以上：over one third less than that of····
存款利率和汇率浮动区间扩大，民营银行试点迈出新步伐，“沪港通”试点启动，外汇储备、保险资金运用范围拓展。
The floating ranges of interest rates on deposits and exchange rates were expanded. New steps were taken in the trials to establish private banks. The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect was launched on a trial basis. The scope for using foreign exchange reserves and insurance funds was broadened.
浮动区间：floating ranges
存款利率和汇率：interest rates on deposits and exchange rates
沪港通：Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect
扩大：expand
扩展：broaden
能源、交通、环保、通信等领域价格改革加快。启动科技资金管理、考试招生、户籍、机关事业单位养老保险制度等改革。
Price reforms in energy, transport, environmental protection, and communications were accelerated. We launched reforms to the system for managing research and development funding, the school examination and enrollment systems, the household registration system, and the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions.
交通：transport
通信：communications
户籍制度： the household registration system
机关事业单位 Party and government offices and public institutions
养老保险制度 the pension system for ····
这句里的 reform 搭配可以注意下，前文多处用的是 reforms of 或者reforms in，这里用的是 reforms to
