毕业生必备十大理财观

沪江小编：走出校园的大学生往往会发现，突然间，钱变得不够用了！再也吃不到学校食堂那么便宜的菜了，房租再也不会一千多块钱一学期了。自己辛苦一个月的薪水变得入不敷出了！专家告诉你毕业生必备十大理财观念，让你更了解自己的钱。

Don't make career decisions based on dollar amounts.
不要单看薪酬多少来做出职业决定

Think big picture. If you're offered X dollars in New York City, it's not the same as the same amount in Kansas City. You have to evaluate what you want out of your career and what the benefits are of those decisions. When evaluating job offers, know the difference between benefits and perks. You might think it's cool to be able to throw a Frisbee down the hall, but what's that compared with dental insurance?
要有大局观。如果你在纽约找到了一份工作。同样的薪酬在堪萨斯市会感觉很不一样。你必须评估一下，你想要从事业中获得什么，以及那些决定会带来什么福利。在衡量拿手的一些工作机会时，要知晓福利和津贴之间的不同。你可能认为能够在公司大厅里扔飞盘很棒，但是与牙科保险相比又如何呢？

毕业生必备十大理财观

Figure out how much you will need up front to move and start your life.
算出搬家并开始生活需要多少预付资金

Apartment rentals require deposits, as do some utility companies. You may need a moving van, and you may have to wait four weeks for a first paycheck. You have to figure out what you'll need to live on before that first paycheck.
租房需要定金，一些公用事业服务也是如此。你可能需要一辆搬家货车，但不得不等上四个周才能领到第一笔薪水。“你必须算出在领到第一份薪水前，需要多少钱才能生活下去。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Know what your take-home pay is--it's not as much as you think.
知道你的到手工资是多少——并不像你所想的那样多。

You can't start fashioning a budget without knowing what you have to work with. A paycheck and the dollars into your hand are not the same thing. You and the married guy next door with three kids will not get the same check for the same salary.
你不能在还不知道有多少钱可用的情况下就开始制定预算。薪资和到手金额不是一回事。在薪资相同的情况下，你和隔壁那个结了婚并育有三个孩子的家伙，你们到手的钱不会一样多。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Be realistic about your expenses and essentials.
在花销和生活必需品方面现实一点

Some students have lived in an apartment before, but after college it's not a big party and eating your roommates' food late at night. Rather it's time to grapple with expenses like transportation, health care, food, entertainment and incidentals. Plan everything. Many students expect to live on $50 a week for food. You will not live on rice and beans. You will go to the deli. You will buy coffee. You don't have to deprive yourself. Just be realistic. I don't care if you get a pet snake. Just know how much it costs.
一些学生以前住过公寓，但是毕业后生活就不再是大派对，也不能深夜向室友蹭吃蹭喝。相反，是时候努力应对交通费、医疗费、伙食费、娱乐费以及其他各种杂费了。要计划好一切。很多学生期望一周在饮食上只花50美元。你不能只用米饭和豆子打发自己。你会去熟食店。你会买咖啡。你不必对自己太过苛刻。现实一点就行。就算你想养蛇当宠物也没关系，只要你知道这会花掉多少钱。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Understand cash flow.
理解现金流

Find out not only exactly how much you'll be paid, but also precisely when, and when your bills will arrive.
不仅要弄清楚你到底会拿多少钱，还要确切地知道何时发工资，以及何时会收到账单。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Keep an emergency account.
留有应急资金

Bad things happen, and they will happen to you. You'll be sick. You'll be hurt. Life will happen to you the same ways it does to everyone else. Be prepared mentally and financially for this reality.
总会有不好的事情发生，它们也会降临到你头上。你会生病，会受伤。生活对待你的方式和对待他人并没有不同。对这一现实要做好思想上和经济上的双重准备。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Know when to use a debit card or credit card.
知道何时用借记卡或信用卡

I think students should have credit cards. They are safer from theft than debit cards, and paying off a credit card every month will help a young person build a credit history and, hopefully, a good credit score. However, for routine purchases like going out to eat, buying gasoline or going to a movie, students should use a debit card. It will protect you from the typical 'I spent how much this month?' experience. Credit cards should be for major, significant purchases.
我认为学生应当有信用卡。与借记卡相比，信用卡被盗的危险更小，而且每月还卡账将帮助年轻人建立一个信用记录，希望会是一个良好的信用评分。但是一些日常支出，如外出就餐、给汽车加油或去看电影等，应该使用借记卡。这样你就不会每次都奇怪‘这个月怎么又花了这么多钱’了。信用卡应该用来支付有规划的的重大购买项目。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Get renter's insurance.
租房保证金

Look carefully at the insurance options provided by your employer. For example, everyone needs worker's compensation insurance. Financially protect yourself from a roommate who might run off to Puerto Rico with a security deposit or legal agreement.
雇主提供的保险选项可要看仔细了。例如，每个人都需要工伤补偿保险。要用保证金或法律协议保护自己在经济上免遭“可能远走高飞的室友”坑害。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Begin contributing immediately to a 401(k) plan or an IRA account.
立即开始向养老金计划或个人退休账户存钱

Even if you start off slow and modest, it will make a huge difference. You may miss the $50 or so you put aside out of each paycheck, but it will grow and grow and save you from panic later.
即便开始时存得不多而进展很缓慢，早早开始也将会有很大不同。你可能会对从每个月的薪水中拿出50美元左右存起来感到有点不太情愿，但是这笔钱会积少成多，让你免于老无所依的恐慌。

毕业生必备十大理财观

Don't be afraid to invest.
不要害怕投资

A savings account is a risky investment, because it means you're betting that there won't be inflation. Diversify, diversify, diversify.
存钱是一项高风险的投资，因为这意味着你打赌不会出现通货膨胀。多样化，多样化，永远切记要多样化。