一、利用考试间隙,预读考题

听力理解考试的问题全部印在考卷上,考生可以利用磁带播放指令的时间或利用两道题之间的停顿空隙,快速浏览问题和选项,获取听音内容的背景知识,排除极有可能错误的答案,预选可能正确的答案,正式听的时候,可以对照我们的预测,变被动听为主动听。

例题9(2011年真题)
1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?
A. The show will have more stands this year.
B. The show will have more visitors this year.
C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.
D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.

解析:此题问关于汽车展不正确的陈述是什么?展出柜台和参观人数可能会增加,展出天数也可能和往年一样,但是国外来的参观者不可能和往年一样多,没这么精确。因此选项C极有可能是答案。

例题10(2011年真题)
5. The advertisements will be placed in all of the following EXCEPT
A. family magazines. B. Sunday newspaper.
C. morning television. D. teenage magazine.
6. The advertisements are intended to be seen by
A. parents only. B. children only. C. school teachers. D. whole families.

解析:第5题问广告不会出现的地方是?早晨一般很少有人看电视,选项C极有可能是答案。第6题:广告的受众是?选项D“整个家庭的人”(即所有人)完全包含了父母、小孩和教师等三类人,它极有可能是正确答案。

二、集中注意力,关注对话开头和结尾部分。

对话的头尾两部分的信息往往是考点出现的地方,一般来说,必有两道题目的答案藏在其中,同时也会出现容易得分的题目。

例题11(2009年真题)
W: Hi, Mark. How are you?
M: Actually, I’m really fed up, Linda. It’s Jane.
W: Jane? Who’s Jane?
M: No, nobody really. Just the most astoundingly attractive girl in my year of school.
....
W: OK, then, well, there’s that party at John’s on Friday night. You could invite her.
M: Just another small problem. John’s her boyfriend.

Questions:
1. Mark is unhappy because of
A. his Chemistry homework. B. a girl in his class.
C. Linda’s words. D. Friday night’s party.

3. Did Mark eventually take Linda’s advice?
A. No. B. Partly. C. Completely. D. Not mentioned.

第1题和第3题分别对应对话开头和结尾的录音文字。第1题题干的关键词unhappy和fed up(气愤)对应。第3题为隐含意义考核:女生建议男生邀请Jane参加John的派对,男生说有点麻烦,John是Jane的男朋友。

三、日常生活场景的背景知识非常重要

熟悉生活场景所涉及的相关事件,听的过程中更容易集中注意力,答题就容易。
例题12 (2005年真题)
8. Parcel Express needs the following details about the sender EXCEPT
A. name. B. address. C. receipt. D. phone number.

9. Parcels must be left open mainly for
A. customs’ check              B. security check.
C. convenience’s sake.        D. the company’s sake.

10. The woman’s last inquiry is mainly concerned with
A. the time needed for sending the parcel.  B. the fl ight time to New York.
C. the parcel destination.                          D. parcel collection.

这是一则邮寄包裹的对话,问题涉及邮寄人的信息、包裹安检和所需邮寄时间等。考生若是有邮寄包裹的经历,在预览题目并且听了材料之后,以上三道题目相当简单。第8题问:“快递公司不需要寄件人的哪些信息”,寄件人没有收据,当然不需要,而是快递公司给寄件人收据,所以答案为C。第9题问:“包裹必须打开检查的主要原因是什么”,当然是为了安全起见,而且听力录音中提到过最近发生了爆炸案,更加确信答案为B。第

解析:10题问“女士最后一个问题主要是什么”,根据邮寄包裹的经历,只有选项A可能是正确的,即“邮寄包裹所花的时间”。

四、留意题目中具有否定意义的单词

具有否定意义的单词和词组本身是学习的难点,听力考试中出现则难上加难。同学们应特别留意题干中具有否定意义的单词,粗心大意的同学,可能会将否定看成肯定,从而解答错误。这样的题目一般较难,需要大家多加留意。

例题13 (2010年真题)
4 Which of the following details is CORRECT?
A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.
B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates’ spouse.
C. Mark doesn’t know the exact number of delegates yet.
D. Mark doesn’t know the number of guest speakers.

解析:这道题目的题干是肯定语气,但是选项包含两个肯定句和两个否定句,有些句子还有相同的名词(如exact number),容易让考生感到迷惑,须留意。

五、善于利用语境,理解语用意义

对话和短文、新闻的不同之处在于对话有很强的语境,即借助各种生活场景来表达语言的具体意义,从而实现语言的交际功能。语言离开语境就没有引申含义,只有字面意思。在听录音的过程中,同学们要善于把语言和语境联系起来,推测其表达的语言功能是请求、命令、否定、犹豫、建议还是其他深层意义,也就是我们常说的要推测说话人的言外之意,才能真正理解对话中说话人的意图。

例题14 (2012年真题)
W(Ruth): .... So being an ethical shopper really means thinking a bit before you go and spend
your money in the shops.
....
W: So it’s about thinking before you shop.
Question:
3. According to the conversation, ethical shoppers can be best described as
A. shrewd. B. thrifty. C. extravagant. D. cautious.
解析:D 推理题。问道德购物者具有什么样的特点。对话中两次出现意思相近的句子:“去商店花钱购物时要考虑考虑”,“购物时考虑下”,其字面意思似乎表达这些人出手不大方,或者精明(shrewd),其实想表达道德购物者购物小心谨慎(cautious)。